Contribution of Imaging in Diagnosis of Primitive Cyst Hydatid in Unusual Localization: Pleura—A Report of Two Cases

Abstract

Hydatic disease has always been the most common in countries where large amount of sheep and cattle is raised, but increased travel and immigration have made this condition a serious worldwide public problem. Cyst hydatid may affect all parts of the human body like the heart, the bone marrow, the eye, the brain, the kidney, and the spermatic cord. Humans can become infested by accidentally ingesting the eggs that are passed in the feces from definitive hosts (usually a canid, such as a wolf, fox, or dog). Even in endemic countries, the primitive pleural hydatid cyst is exceptional, and it is very difficult to distinguish from other pleural and parietal cystic masses especially that in majority of cases the immunologic tests are negative. We report two cases of pleural hydatid cyst discovered in two young patients, with a nonspecific clinical presentation. The interest of this paper is to raise the primordial role of imaging in the positive diagnosis of primary pleural hydatid cyst.

Epidural Spinal Cord Compression by an Abscess from a Dumbbell Extension of a Non-Osseous Soft Tissue Paravertebral Hydatid Cyst in the Dorsal Region

“…Although there are no specific clinical features, however, taking a detailed history and clinical examination are mandatory. In keeping with the other researchers' findings, the diagnostic imaging, namely, the US, contrast MR and CT, remains the cornerstone in the localization and/or the presumptive pre-operative diagnosis, and in designing the appropriate surgical procedure 9 . Immunological and serological tests, e.g.…”

Pneumothorax Revealing the Rupture of a Primary Pleural Hydatid Cyst

“…The rarity of this condition and its lack of clinical, radiological, and biological specificity make a positive diagnosis challenging. Multiple other causes of cystic lesions must be considered, such as bronchogenic cysts, enteric cysts, pleuropericardial cysts, thymic cysts, and lymphangiomas [7]. Definitive diagnosis often relies on visualizing the hydatid membrane, daughter vesicles, or pathological examination of the operative specimen in cases of infected or thickened cysts.…”

Of Cestodes and Men: Surgical Treatment of a Spinal Hydatid Cyst

“…13 Rare cases of singular pleural hydatid cysts are described in the literature. 5 However, only 16 to 22% of patients with hydatid disease in the spine also have afflictions in other locations. 14,15 The patient initially presented with moderate symptomatic medullar compression and a large intravertebral lesion that infiltrated the spinal canal and without neurologic deficits.…”

“…These characteristics are the result of calcium deposits that are pathognomonic for the diagnosis. 5 In the blood, hypereosinophilia is generally absent, and immunologic tests such as immunoglobulin (Ig) G enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) may be helpful, but their sensitivity vacillates $ 60%; complications or liver cysts increase their sensitivity. A definitive diagnosis can often be made just by intraoperative visualization of the hydatid membrane or daughter vesicles or after pathologic diagnosis of the operative material.…”