Contribution of Declining Anadromous Fishes to the Reproductive Investment of a Common Piscivorous Seabird, The Double-Crested Cormorant (<i>Phalacrocorax auritus</i>)

Jones, Andrew W.; Dalton, Christopher; Stowe, Edward S.; Post, David M.

doi:10.1525/auk.2010.09200

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Thus, model performances for the species showing very restricted geographical distributions and unbalanced presence/absence data, such as our study species, can be overestimated by AUC and underestimated by Kappa. Next, the SDM projections with TSS values above 0.7, which indicates good model performance [66,67], were combined to provide the ensemble forecasts. The ensemble forecasts were calculated based on Equation (1).…”

Section: Species Distribution Modeling and Model Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Climate Change on the Climatic Niches of Warm-Adapted Evergreen Plants: Expansion or Contraction?

Koo

Park

Seo

2017

Forests

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Abstract:Climate change has modified the structure and functions of ecosystems, affecting human well-being. Evergreen plants in the warm-temperate ecosystems will lose climatically suitable habitats under climate change but have not drawn much scholarly interest. Therefore, the present research aimed to predict the future climatic niches of eight coastal warm-adapted evergreen trees under climate change to provide information for an effective management practice. For this purpose, we used the ensemble species distribution models (SDMs) weighted by the TSS value in modelling the climatic niches of those evergreen trees and then ensembled their future distributions predicted under 20 future climate scenarios. Except for Neolitsea sericea (True Skill Statistic (TSS) = 0.79), all projections for the current climatic niches of evergreens showed excellent predictive powers (TSS > 0.85). The results showed that the climatic niches of the four evergreens-Castanopsis cuspidata, Pittosporum tobira, Raphiolepis indica var. umbellate, and Eurya emarginata-would expand to the northern part of the Korean Peninsula (KP) under climate change, but the ones of the remaining four-Kadsura japonica, Neolitsea sericea, Ilex integra, and Dendropanax morbiferus-would shrink. While the climatic niches of Pittosporum tobira showed the rapidest and greatest expansion under climate change, Dendropanax morbiferus was predicted to experience the greatest loss of habitat. On the other hand, regardless of whether the future distributions of climatically suitable habitats would expand or contract, the highly suitable habitats of all species were predicted to decline under climate change. This may indicate that further climate change will degrade habitat suitability for all species within the distribution boundary and restrict continuous habitat expansions of expanding species or accelerate habitat loss of shrinking species. In addition, the future distributions of most coastal evergreens were found to be confined to coastal areas; therefore, sea-level rise would accelerate their habitat loss under climate change. The present study provides primary and practical knowledge for understanding climate-related coastal vegetation changes for future conservation planning, particularly on the Korean Peninsula.

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Section: Species Distribution Modeling and Model Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Climate Change on the Climatic Niches of Warm-Adapted Evergreen Plants: Expansion or Contraction?

Koo

Park

Seo

2017

Forests

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“…Migrations of anadromous fish are a relatively well-studied example of a resource pulse that influences a diversity of ecological characteristics, including trophic productivity and habitat structure, through their spawning activities (Richey et al 1975, Moore et al 2007, Jones et al 2010). Though our understanding of this system is growing (Janetski et al 2009), there remain some unresolved questions including two that we address in this paper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking resource availability and habitat structure to stream organisms: an experimental and observational assessment

et al. 2014

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An experiment and a mark‐recapture field study of juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) were conducted to identify controls of key energy flow chains in river food webs. In the small‐scale experiment, we investigated the individual and interactive effects of physical habitat structure (PHS) as small wood and resource availability (tissue of adult Chinook salmon, O. tshawytscha) on nutrients, algae, invertebrates, and fish predators including juvenile coho. In the field, we quantified the effects of natural variation in prey availability (invertebrate drift biomass), PHS (wood), and local fish density on summer growth of juvenile coho across multiple stream reaches. Adding salmon tissue to experimental channels resulted in strong bottom‐up effects on select invertebrates including increased population biomass of chironomids and baetids, the numerically dominant invertebrates, and faster growth of juvenile coho. We link the enhanced growth of coho to chironomid productivity: for instance, adult chironomid flux was 4.3× higher and coho consumption of these animals 3× higher in salmon‐subsidized channels. PHS in experimental channels was associated with reduced algal biomass, potentially in response to increased invertebrate consumption, and invertebrate flux or export. The field study revealed coho growth was negatively related to PHS and total fish density and positively related to Diptera drift biomass; however, the effects of fish density and drift biomass on coho growth were relatively weak. The field study also indicated that prey resource availability and coho growth were associated with differences in canopy cover, with prey biomass and coho growth 2–4× higher in reaches receiving more sunlight. As in the experiment, coho in natural stream reaches predominantly fed on adult chironomids and other Diptera, indicating that these taxa and life‐stages are a key link between the benthic food web and mobile vertebrate predators. Our study showed that bottom‐up processes initiated by salmon subsidies and possibly light flux determined key trophic interactions in the Cedar River food web. Moreover, we speculate that PHS may modify some of these interactions indirectly through its effects on the movement of organisms through the environment.

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“…In addition to providing a material subsidy in the form of marine-derived nutrients, alewife also provide an important processed-based subsidy by structuring lake trophic dynamics through size-selective predation (Brooks and Dodson 1965;Post et al 2008). Although nutrient inputs from New England's anadromous alewife runs may never had the same effect on lake nutrient dynamics as Pacific salmonids, even today's much diminished anadromous alewife runs continue to feed coastal breeding birds, such as cormorants and osprey (Dalton et al 2009;Jones et al 2010), and fuel freshwater food webs ). plasma mass spectrometry, David Butman for assistance delineating watersheds, and Gaboury Benoit, Helmut Ernstberger, Troy Hill, and Peter Raymond for assistance with dating cores.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Historical changes in nutrient inputs from humans and anadromous fishes in New England's coastal watersheds

Twining

West

Post

2013

Limnology & Oceanography

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Prior to Euro-American contact, anadromous alewives (Alosa pseudoharengus) were abundant throughout eastern North America. In the 400 yr since Euro-American settlement began in the region, anadromous alewife populations have declined by an order of magnitude or more while human land use has simultaneously intensified. Here we asked how lake nutrient inputs in the southern New England region have changed over the past 400 yr by examining nutrient inputs to four lakes in coastal Connecticut that differ in their land-use history and their history of accessibility to anadromous alewife. We estimated the flux of nitrogen and phosphorus from both anadromous alewife and the landscape and conducted a paleoecological analysis of stable isotopes (d 15 N, total d 13 C, organic d 13 C) and nutrients (N : P, C : N, organic C) from lake sediment cores in each of our study watersheds. Nutrient loading models suggest that allochthonous nutrient inputs are now dominated by watershed land use and our paleoecological data also reflect major changes in human land use. Loading models also suggest that prior to Euro-American contact, anadromous alewife runs historically provided up to 95% of allochthonous phosphorus inputs and up to 68% of allochthonous nitrogen inputs to the region's coastal lakes. However, paleoecological data suggest that even the large nutrient inputs from abundant past alewife populations may never have had the same long-term effect on lake nutrient dynamics as those from the landscape due to the unique combination of the alewife's life history and coastal Connecticut's climate and geomorphology.

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Contribution of Declining Anadromous Fishes to the Reproductive Investment of a Common Piscivorous Seabird, The Double-Crested Cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus)

Abstract: BioOne Complete (complete.BioOne.org) is a full-text database of 200 subscribed and open-access titles in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses.

Cited by 17 publications

References 52 publications

Effects of Climate Change on the Climatic Niches of Warm-Adapted Evergreen Plants: Expansion or Contraction?

Effects of Climate Change on the Climatic Niches of Warm-Adapted Evergreen Plants: Expansion or Contraction?

Linking resource availability and habitat structure to stream organisms: an experimental and observational assessment

Historical changes in nutrient inputs from humans and anadromous fishes in New England's coastal watersheds

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