Contrasting records from mantle to surface of Holocene lavas of two nearby arc volcanic complexes: Caburgua-Huelemolle Small Eruptive Centers and Villarrica Volcano, Southern Chile

Morgado, Eduardo; Parada, Miguel A.; Contreras, Claudio; Castruccio, Ángelo; Gutiérrez, Francisco J.; McGee, Lucy

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2015.09.023

Cited by 40 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…The erupted volume of the March 3 2015 eruption is equivalent to 0.002 + 0.0004 km 3 of magma, if compressibility for a mostly degassed basalt is taken into account (e.g., ; Segall (2010)). The deflation signal produced by the evacuation of that volume is not evident in the time series ( Figure 6) as a deflating source located beneath the volcano summit at the same depth of the deeper source responsible for the 1971 eruption (Morgado et al, 2015) produces less than 1 cm of co eruptive subsidence. The signals observed in the S1A and CSK time series have larger amplitudes than the predicted subsidence and do not show systematic signals with the same amplitude and located in the same areas.…”

Section: Lack Of Deformation During the 2015 Villarrica Eruptionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Recent unrest (2002–2015) imaged by space geodesy at the highest risk Chilean volcanoes: Villarrica, Llaima, and Calbuco (Southern Andes)

Delgado

Pritchard

Ebmeier

et al. 2017

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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Villarrica, Llaima, and Calbuco volcanoes are the most active and dangerous volcanoes in the Southern Andes, and we use Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) observations from multiple satellites (ERS-2, ENVISAT, ALOS, RADARSAT-2, COSMO-SkyMed, TerraSAR-X, Sentinel-1A and ALOS-2) to constrain ground deformation that spans episodes of unrest and eruption at all three volcanoes between 2002 and 2015. We find episodes of ground deformation at each volcano, which we invert using analytic elastic half space models to make some of the first geophysical inferences about the source depths of potential magma chambers. At Llaima, we interpret that the VEI 2 April 3 2009 eruption was preceded by ~6-15 cm of precursory ground uplift one month before from a source ~5 km below the surface on the western side of the edifice. The VEI 2 March 3 2015 Villarrica eruption was followed by a short lived uplift of 5 cm in the SE part of the volcano from a source depth of ~6 km.

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Section: Lack Of Deformation During the 2015 Villarrica Eruptionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Recent unrest (2002–2015) imaged by space geodesy at the highest risk Chilean volcanoes: Villarrica, Llaima, and Calbuco (Southern Andes)

Delgado

Pritchard

Ebmeier

et al. 2017

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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show abstract

“…Villarrica Volcano (39 • 25 ′ S, 71 • 57 ′ W; 2847 m high; Figure 1A) has been active since middle Pleistocene (Moreno and Clavero, 2006;Lohmar et al, 2012;Morgado et al, 2015), and is the most active stratovolcano of the Southern Andes Volcanic Zone (SVZ, Petit-Breuilh and Lobato, 1994;González-Ferrán, 1995). It has sourced about 100 small eruptions between AD 1384 and AD 1971 (Van Daele et al, 2014), among them at least 60 eruptions since AD 1558 (Petit-Breuilh and Lobato, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tephra From the 3 March 2015 Sustained Column Related to Explosive Lava Fountain Activity at Volcán Villarrica (Chile)

et al. 2018

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“…Underlying recharge of hot magma has been suggested as a trigger for many eruptions of Southern Andean shallow reservoirs (e.g. Quizapu, Ruprecht and Bachmann 2010;Villarrica, Lohmar et al 2012, Morgado et al 2015. Some eruptions have also involved the presence of a mush zone (e.g.…”

Section: Local-scale Heatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localised heating and intensive magmatic conditions prior to the 22–23 April 2015 Calbuco volcano eruption (Southern Chile)

et al. 2019

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Calbuco volcano is a Late Pleistocene composite stratovolcano and member of the Southern Volcanic Zone of the Chilean Andes (41°19′S, 72°36′W). It lies~20 km west of the Liquiñe-Ofqui Fault Zone, but is not located directly upon any major regional structures. During April 2015, a sub-Plinian eruption occurred, with a bulk erupted volume of~0.3-0.6 km 3 (~0.1-0.2 km 3 DRE). The eruption was a rapid-onset event that produced highly crystalline products (from 40 to 60 vol.%) including the mineral phases: plagioclase, clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene, amphibole, olivine, apatite, ilmenite, titanomagnetite and chalcopyrite. An upper-crustal reservoir is inferred using available geophysical data combined with amphibole geobarometry. Consideration of textural features, including high crystallinity, complex mineral zonation, crystal clots and interstitial glass between crystals from clots, suggests the presence of a mush zone within this reservoir. From the nine collected samples, whole-rock chemistry and an array of geothermometers (amphibole, amphibole-plagioclase, two-pyroxenes and Fe-Ti oxides) gave similar results for all samples possessing~40 vol.% of crystals, with the exception of the sample Cal-160 (~60 vol.% crystallinity), which is slightly more evolved and yields lower temperatures for all geothermometers. By comparing temperatures calculated in sample Cal-160 using pairs of ilmenite-titanomagnetite core compositions with those calculated using rim compositions, we observe a late-stage temperature increase of between 70 and 200°C. We suggest that this local-scale heating event was at least partly responsible for triggering the eruption. Our data suggest that the bulk of the erupted magma was derived from a relatively uniform (970-1000°C), crystal-rich magma mass. Sample Cal-160 was derived from a cooler environment (910-970°C), where it was subjected to pre-eruptive heating to temperatures considerably higher than those observed in associated, erupted magmas (up to 1070°C). This requires the involvement of a hot, presumably mafic magma injection at the base of a shallow, crystal-rich reservoir, though the mafic magma was not itself erupted. The localised nature of interaction and rapidity of eruption onset have implications for potential future hazards at Calbuco volcano.

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Contrasting records from mantle to surface of Holocene lavas of two nearby arc volcanic complexes: Caburgua-Huelemolle Small Eruptive Centers and Villarrica Volcano, Southern Chile

Cited by 40 publications

References 50 publications

Recent unrest (2002–2015) imaged by space geodesy at the highest risk Chilean volcanoes: Villarrica, Llaima, and Calbuco (Southern Andes)

Recent unrest (2002–2015) imaged by space geodesy at the highest risk Chilean volcanoes: Villarrica, Llaima, and Calbuco (Southern Andes)

Tephra From the 3 March 2015 Sustained Column Related to Explosive Lava Fountain Activity at Volcán Villarrica (Chile)

Localised heating and intensive magmatic conditions prior to the 22–23 April 2015 Calbuco volcano eruption (Southern Chile)

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