Contrasting genetic structure between two begomoviruses infecting the same leguminous hosts

Abstract

Begomoviruses are whitefly-transmitted, ssDNA plant viruses and are among the most damaging pathogens causing epidemics in economically important crops worldwide. Wild/non-cultivated plants play a crucial epidemiological role, acting as begomovirus reservoirs and as 'mixing vessels' where recombination can occur. Previous work suggests a higher degree of genetic variability in begomovirus populations from non-cultivated hosts compared with cultivated hosts. To assess this supposed host effect on the genetic variability of begomovirus populations, cultivated (common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris, and lima bean, Phaseolus lunatus) and non-cultivated (Macroptilium lathyroides) legume hosts were sampled from two regions of Brazil. A total of 212 full-length DNA-A genome segments were sequenced from samples collected between 2005 and 2012, and populations of the begomoviruses Bean golden mosaic virus (BGMV) and Macroptilium yellow spot virus (MaYSV) were obtained. We found, for each begomovirus species, similar genetic variation between populations infecting cultivated and non-cultivated hosts, indicating that the presumed genetic variability of the host did not a priori affect viral variability. We observed a higher degree of genetic variation in isolates from MaYSV populations than BGMV populations, which was explained by numerous recombination events in MaYSV. MaYSV and BGMV showed distinct distributions of genetic variation, with the BGMV population (but not MaYSV) being structured by both host and geography.

Viruses infecting common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Tanzania: A review on molecular characterization, detection and disease management options

“…There was no information about occurrence of this virus in Tanzania and searching the nucleotide databases did not reveal any sequenced isolate of this virus from Tanzania. The highest number of sequences for this virus was generated in a study conducted in Brazil (Sobrinho et al, 2014).…”

Distribution and diversity of begomoviruses in tomato and sweet pepper plants in Costa Rica

“…Since the 1970s, high worldwide incidence of begomoviruses has resulted in dramatic yield losses and economic damage (Navas‐Castillo et al, ; Rybicki, ). For example, in South America, since the 1970s Bean golden mosaic virus has been causing serious losses in beans (Gálvez & Castaño, ; Faria & Maxwell, ; Morales & Anderson, ; Sobrinho et al, ). Furthermore, from the mid‐1990s, an increased incidence of begomoviruses was observed in tomato crops of the major growing regions of Latin America, causing up to 100% yield loss (Ribeiro et al, ; Paz‐Carrasco et al, ; Chinnaraja et al, ; Geraud‐Pouey et al, ; Macedo et al, ).…”

The ever increasing diversity of begomoviruses infecting non‐cultivated hosts: new species from Sida spp. and Leonurus sibiricus, plus two New World alphasatellites

“…Non-cultivated species of the families Asteraceae, Caparaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Labiatae, Malvaceae, Solanaceae and Sterculiaceae have been reported as hosts of many begomoviruses in Brazil and in several other countries in the Americas (Frischmuth et al, 1997;Roye et al, 1997;Faria and Maxwell, 1999;Fernandes et al, 1999;Idris et al, 2003;Jovel et al, 2004;Assunção et al, 2006;Amarakoon et al, 2008;Castillo-Urquiza et al, 2008;Barbosa et al, 2009;Silva et al, 2011;Silva et al, 2012;Tavares et al, 2012;Barreto et al, 2013). There is evidence that some of these begomoviruses from noncultivated hosts can be transmitted to cultivated species by the insect vector and by grafting (Arnaud et al, 2007;Castillo-Urquiza et al, 2007;Cotrim et al, 2007;Silva et al, 2010;Barreto et al, 2013;Rocha et al, 2013;Ramos-Sobrinho et al, 2014), highlighting the need to investigate these plants as reservoirs of viral diversity and as a source of new viruses which may cause diseases in crops.…”