Continuous-flow electrocoagulation (EC) process for iron removal from water: Experimental, statistical and economic study

Abdulhadi, Bareq; Kot, Patryk; Hashim, Khalid; Shaw, Andy; Muradov, Magomed; Alkhaddar, Rafid

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143417

Cited by 77 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…Therefore, little or no reduction in the concentration of Cu and Pb were observed in the acidic medium up to pH 7.20; however, the removal efficiencies obtained from pH 7.20 to 10 might be due to dual mechanisms suggested to be precipitation and adsorption in Figure 5a,b. An increase in the reduction of Fe was observed as the pH increased, which was an indication of a precipitation between pH 3 and 10 (Figure 5c) [32]. Apparently, the pH of the media strongly influences the removal efficiency of the metals, and the optimum pH 7 is appropriate for the treatment of water fit for consumption.…”

Section: Effect Of Metals Solution Phmentioning

confidence: 89%

Adsorptive and Coagulative Removal of Trace Metals from Water Using Surface Modified Sawdust-Based Cellulose Nanocrystals

Oyewo

Ramaila

Mavuru

et al. 2021

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The presence of toxic metals in surface and natural waters, even at trace levels, poses a great danger to humans and the ecosystem. Although the combination of adsorption and coagulation techniques has the potential to eradicate this problem, the use of inappropriate media remains a major drawback. This study reports on the application of NaNO2/NaHCO3 modified sawdust-based cellulose nanocrystals (MCNC) as both coagulant and adsorbent for the removal of Cu, Fe and Pb from aqueous solution. The surface modified coagulants, prepared by electrostatic interactions, were characterized using Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive spectrometry (SEM/EDS). The amount of coagulated/adsorbed trace metals was then analysed using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). SEM analysis revealed the patchy and distributed floccules on Fe-flocs, which was an indication of multiple mechanisms responsible for Fe removal onto MCNC. A shift in the peak position attributed to C2H192N64O16 from 2θ = 30 to 24.5° occurred in the XRD pattern of both Pb- and Cu-flocs. Different process variables, including initial metal ions concentration (10–200 mg/L), solution pH (2–10), and temperature (25–45 °C) were studied in order to investigate how they affect the reaction process. Both Cu and Pb adsorption followed the Langmuir isotherm with a maximum adsorption capacity of 111.1 and 2.82 mg/g, respectively, whereas the adsorption of Fe was suggestive of a multilayer adsorption process; however, Fe Langmuir maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 81.96 mg/g. The sequence of trace metals removal followed the order: Cu > Fe > Pb. The utilization of this product in different water matrices is an effective way to establish their robustness.

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Section: Effect Of Metals Solution Phmentioning

confidence: 89%

Adsorptive and Coagulative Removal of Trace Metals from Water Using Surface Modified Sawdust-Based Cellulose Nanocrystals

Oyewo

Ramaila

Mavuru

et al. 2021

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“…The radio and microwaves are actively investigated for the purpose of detection of various anomalies in materials under test [7]. Microwaves are EM waves with wavelengths ranging from one meter to one millimeter, or equivalently, with frequencies between 300 MHz (0.3 GHz) and 300 GHz [8,9]. The benefit of this part of the EM spectrum is it is none ionizing and providing high depth penetration through dielectric materials offering great potential to be commercialized and applied across several industrial sectors.…”

Section: Sweep Frequency Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advancements in Non-Destructive Testing Techniques for Structural Health Monitoring

et al. 2021

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Structural health monitoring (SHM) is an important aspect of the assessment of various structures and infrastructure, which involves inspection, monitoring, and maintenance to support economics, quality of life and sustainability in civil engineering. Currently, research has been conducted in order to develop non-destructive techniques for SHM to extend the lifespan of monitored structures. This paper will review and summarize the recent advancements in non-destructive testing techniques, namely, sweep frequency approach, ground penetrating radar, infrared technique, fiber optics sensors, camera-based methods, laser scanner techniques, acoustic emission and ultrasonic techniques. Although some of the techniques are widely and successfully utilized in civil engineering, there are still challenges that researchers are addressing. One of the common challenges within the techniques is interpretation, analysis and automation of obtained data, which requires highly skilled and specialized experts. Therefore, researchers are investigating and applying artificial intelligence, namely machine learning algorithms to address the challenges. In addition, researchers have combined multiple techniques in order to improve accuracy and acquire additional parameters to enhance the measurement processes. This study mainly focuses on the scope and recent advancements of the Non-destructive Testing (NDT) application for SHM of concrete, masonry, timber and steel structures.

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“…EC is an electricallydriven water treatment having the potential to be implemented as a decentralized treatment unit. This treatment technology offers interesting merits as an eco-friendly option, including versatility, ease of setup, minimal sludge production without the need of chemical additives, and a small footprint without compromising the final water quality after treatment [25][26][27].…”

Section: Fluoride Concentration (Mg L 1 )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Q e = n × I/Q (Continuous reactor) (25) where n and Q are the numbers of cells, and flow rate, respectively. Hu et al [86] indicated that similar trends in residual fluoride after both batch and continuous EC processes were observed; the residual fluoride concentration in both reactors reached under 10 mg L −1 with exceeding Q e = 500 C L −1 .…”

Section: Charge Loadingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrocoagulation as a Promising Defluoridation Technology from Water: A Review of State of the Art of Removal Mechanisms and Performance Trends

Mousazadeh

Alizadeh

Frontistis

et al. 2021

Water

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Fluoride ions present in drinking water are beneficial to human health when at proper concentration levels (0.5–1.5 mg L−1), but an excess intake of fluoride (>1.5 mg L−1) may pose several health problems. In this context, reducing high fluoride concentrations in water is a major worldwide challenge. The World Health Organization has recommended setting a permissible limit of 1.5 mg L−1. The application of electrocoagulation (EC) processes has received widespread and increasing attention as a promising treatment technology and a competitive treatment for fluoride control. EC technology has been favourably applied due to its economic effectiveness, environmental versatility, amenability of automation, and low sludge production. This review provides more detailed information on fluoride removal from water by the EC process, including operating parameters, removal mechanisms, energy consumption, and operating costs. Additionally, it also focuses attention on future trends related to improve defluoridation efficiency.

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Continuous-flow electrocoagulation (EC) process for iron removal from water: Experimental, statistical and economic study

Cited by 77 publications

References 38 publications

Adsorptive and Coagulative Removal of Trace Metals from Water Using Surface Modified Sawdust-Based Cellulose Nanocrystals

Adsorptive and Coagulative Removal of Trace Metals from Water Using Surface Modified Sawdust-Based Cellulose Nanocrystals

Recent Advancements in Non-Destructive Testing Techniques for Structural Health Monitoring

Electrocoagulation as a Promising Defluoridation Technology from Water: A Review of State of the Art of Removal Mechanisms and Performance Trends

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