Contaminant immobilization and nutrient release by biochar soil amendment: Roles of natural organic matter

Uchimiya, Minori; Lima, Isabel M.; Klasson, K. Thomas; Wartelle, Lynda H.

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.05.020

Cited by 417 publications

(165 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Additionally, Jain et al [71] reported that alkaline biochars incorporated into sulfur containing mine waste were effective at neutralizing acidic compounds. Biochars with greater ash contents, such as those produced at high temperatures [72], in the presence of oxygen [73], or from feedstocks with high conversion efficiency, such as from manure, will tend to have higher pH values [25]. This can have important consequences for acidic mine land reclamation, since alkaline biochars may be an effective substitute for lime.…”

Section: Mine-impacted Spoils and Biocharmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil Health, Crop Productivity, Microbial Transport, and Mine Spoil Response to Biochars

et al. 2016

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Biochars vary widely in pH, surface area, nutrient concentration, porosity, and metal binding capacity due to the assortment of feedstock materials and thermal conversion conditions under which it is formed. The wide variety of chemical and physical characteristics have resulted in biochar being used as an amendment to rebuild soil health, improve crop yields, increase soil water storage, and restore soils/spoils impacted by mining. Meta-analysis of the biochar literature has shown mixed results when using biochar as a soil amendment to improve crop productivity. For example, in one meta-analysis, biochar increased crop yield by approximately 10 %, while in another, approximately 50 % of the studies reported minimal to no crop yield increases. In spite of the mixed crop yield reports, biochars have properties that can improve soil health characteristics, by increasing carbon (C) sequestration and nutrient and water retention. Biochars also have the ability to bind enteric microbes and enhance metal binding in soils impacted by mining. In this review, we present examples of both effective and ineffective uses of biochar to improve soil health for agricultural functions and reclamation of degraded mine spoils. Biochars are expensive to manufacture and cannot be purged from soil after application, so for efficient use, they should be targeted for specific uses in agricultural and environmental sectors. Thus, we introduce the designer biochar concept as an alternate paradigm stating that biochars should be designed with properties that are tailored to specific soil deficiencies or problems. We then demonstrate how careful selection of biochars can increase their effectiveness as a soil amendment.

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Section: Mine-impacted Spoils and Biocharmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biochars can also have metal sorption properties when used as a soil amendment [11,73,74]. Their ability to bind metals arises from their porosity, surface area, and surface functional groups [75,76].…”

Section: Mine-impacted Spoils and Biocharmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Health, Crop Productivity, Microbial Transport, and Mine Spoil Response to Biochars

et al. 2016

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“…systemic pesticides) are possible, reducing the effectiveness and requiring dose adjustments, while on the other hand, biochar can be extremely useful to reduce the environmental impact of contact pesticides and for environmental remediation (Spokas et al, 2009;Wang et al, 2009). Biochar resulting from slow pyrolysis however, can immobilize metals such as Cu 2+ and others heavy metals, due its higher carboxyl content (Uchimiya et al, 2010) and the resulting metal complexation capacity.…”

Section: T E M P E R a T U R E C O N T R O L S B I O M A S S Thermo-dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar: Pyrogenic Carbon for Agricultural Use - A Critical Review

Novotny

Maia

Carvalho

et al. 2015

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

159

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Biochar (carbonized biomass for agricultural use) has been used worldwide as soil amendment and is a technology of particular interest for Brazil, since its "inspiration" is from the historical Terra Preta de Índios (Amazon Dark Earth), and also because Brazil is the world's largest charcoal producer, generating enormous residue quantities in form of fine charcoal and due to the availability of different residual biomasses, mainly from agroindustry (e.g., sugar-cane bagasse; wood and paper-mill wastes; residues from biofuel industries; sewage sludge etc), that can be used for biochar production, making Brazil a key actor in the international scenario in terms of biochar research and utilization). In the last decade, numerous studies on biochar have been carried out and now a vast literature, and excellent reviews, are available. The objective of this paper is therefore to deliver a critical review with some highlights on biochar research, rather than an exhaustive bibliographic review. To this end, some key points considered critical and relevant were selected and the pertinent literature "condensed", with a view to guide future research, rather than analyze trends of the past.

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“…Beesley et al (2010Beesley et al ( , 2013) have reported increased Cu and As availability in soil amended with BCs derived from hardwoods and orchard prunings; Uchimiya et al (2010) suggested that this could be due to a mobilisation of soil-retained metals by dissolved organic C (DOC). Mobilisation of heavy metals is therefore another potential threat to plant and animal health.…”

Section: Mobilisation Of Heavy Metals In Soilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crop response to soils amended with biochar: expected benefits and unintended risks

et al. 2017

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Biochar (BC) from biomass waste pyrolysis has been widely studied due to its ability to increase carbon sequestration, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and enhance both crop growth and soil quality. This review summarises the current knowledge of BC production, characterisation, and types, with a focus on its positive effects on crop yield and soil properties vs the unintended risks associated with these effects. Biochar-amended soils enhance crop growth and yield via several mechanisms: expanded plant nutrient and water availability through increased use efficiencies, improved soil quality, and suppression of soil and plant diseases. Yield response to BC has been shown to be more evident in acidic and sandy soils than in alkaline and fine-textured soils. Biochar composition and properties vary considerably with feedstock and pyrolysis conditions so much that its concentrations of toxic compounds and heavy metals can negatively impact crop and soil health. Consequently, more small-scale and greenhouse-sited studies are in process to investigate the role of BC/soil/crop types on crop growth, and the mechanisms by which they influence crop yield. Similarly, a need exists for long-term, field-scale studies on the effects (beneficial and harmful) of BC amendment on soil health and crop yields, so that production guidelines and quality standards may be developed for BCs derived from a range of feedstocks.

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Contaminant immobilization and nutrient release by biochar soil amendment: Roles of natural organic matter

Cited by 417 publications

References 28 publications

Soil Health, Crop Productivity, Microbial Transport, and Mine Spoil Response to Biochars

Soil Health, Crop Productivity, Microbial Transport, and Mine Spoil Response to Biochars

Biochar: Pyrogenic Carbon for Agricultural Use - A Critical Review

Crop response to soils amended with biochar: expected benefits and unintended risks

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