Consumption of hydrogen-rich water alleviates renal injury in spontaneous hypertensive rats

Abstract

In hypertensive animals and patients, oxidative stress represents the primary risk factor for progression of renal disease. Recently, it has been demonstrated that hydrogen, as a novel antioxidant, can selectively reduce hydroxyl radicals and peroxynitrite anion to exert therapeutic antioxidant activity. Herein, we investigated the protective effect of hydrogen-rich water (HW) against renal injury in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). The 8-week-old male SHR and age-matched Wistar-Kyoto rats were randomized into HW-treated (1.3 ± 0.2 mg/l for 3 months, drinking) and vehicle-treated group. Although treatment with HW had no significant effect on blood pressure, it significantly ameliorated renal injury in SHR. Treatment with HW lowered reactive oxygen species formation, upregulated the activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-epoxide transferase, and catalase, and suppressed NADPH oxidase activity. Treatment with HW in SHR depressed pro-inflammatory cytokines expression including TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and macrophage chemoattractant protein 1, which might be mediated by suppressing nuclear factor-κB activation. In addition, treatment with HW had protective effect on mitochondrial function including adenosine triphosphate formation and membrane integrity in SHR. In conclusion, consumption of HW is a promising strategy to alleviate renal injury as a supplement for anti-hypertensive therapy.

Beneficial biological effects and the underlying mechanisms of molecular hydrogen - comprehensive review of 321 original articles -

“…We have shown that hydrogen suppresses signaling pathways in allergies [ 26 ] and inflammation [ 27 ] without directly scavenging reactive oxygen/nitrogen species. Signaling molecules that are modulated by hydrogen include Lyn [ 26 , 28 ], Ras [ 29 ], MEK [ 29 , 30 ], ERK [ 12 , 24 , 29 – 37 ], p38 [ 12 , 16 , 24 , 27 , 30 , 32 , 33 , 35 – 41 ], JNK [ 13 , 24 , 27 , 30 , 32 , 33 , 35 – 38 , 40 , 42 – 47 ], ASK1 [ 27 , 46 ], Akt [ 12 , 29 , 36 , 37 , 48 , 49 ], GTP-Rac1 [ 36 ], iNOS [ 27 , 34 , 36 , 50 – 52 ], Nox1 [ 36 ], NF-κB p65 or NF-κB [ 12 , 14 , 27 , 35 – 38 , 40 , 41 , 43 , 49 , 53 – 75 ], IκBα [ 27 , 40 , 41 , 54 , 60 , 62 , 69 , 73 , 76 ], ST...…”

Molecular hydrogen protects against ischemia-reperfusion injury in a mouse fatty liver model via regulating HO-1 and Sirt1 expression

“…Recently, some researchers have found that molecular hydrogen has potent pharmacological effects via reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis 5 – 7 . Molecular hydrogen has emerged in the form of hydrogen-rich water, or inhaled hydrogen gas, and is recommended as an effective treatment for cardiac arrest in clinical applications (HYBRID II TRILA; Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan, No.…”

Hydrogen Rich Water Attenuates Renal Injury and Fibrosis by Regulation Transforming Growth Factor-β Induced Sirt1

“…Protective effects with hydrogen rich water (HW) on kidney have been shown in rats with spontaneous hypertension, 3) metabolic syndrome in SHR.Cg-Leprcp/ NDmcr rat kidney, 4) renal ischemia-reperfusion injury, 5) nephrotoxicity induced by ferric nitrilotriacetate, 6) gentamicin 7) or cisplatin, 8) etc. It has also been documented that HW improve metamorphosis and nephrotoxicity induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) triggered by cisplatin.…”