Comprehensive SummaryFive novel Daphniphyllum alkaloids, named dcalycinumines A—E (1—4, 6), and eight previously described Daphniphyllum alkaloids (5, 7—13) were isolated from Daphniphyllum calycinum. Compound 1 is the first Daphniphyllum alkaloid possessing a highly rearranged 6/6/6/7/5/6 hexacyclic architecture with a unique 3‐methyl‐1‐azabicyclo [4,4,0] decane ring system. Compound 2 represents a rare diamino Daphniphyllum alkaloid with an unprecedented 6/5/5/6/6/5 carbon skeleton featuring a unique 1‐aza‐6‐azaspiro [4,5] decane unit, whereas 3 also represents a rare diamino Daphniphyllum alkaloid as a possible precursor of 2. Compound 4 is the second example of C‐22‐nor yuzurimine‐type alkaloids. Their structures and absolute configurations were elucidated by HRESIMS, NMR spectroscopic analyses, ECD calculations, and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Moreover, compound 1 showed remarkable antitumor activities, which could inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells, and promoted nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells apoptosis.