Constraints on the Adult-Offspring Size Relationship in Protists

Caval-Holme, Franklin; Payne, Jonathan L.

doi:10.1111/evo.12210

Cited by 13 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Groups that demonstrate the proportional offspring size strategy are Crustaceans, Elasmobranchii, and Mammalia (Table 3). In earlier work, offspring vs. adult size relationships significantly different from 0 were found for sharks (Freedman and Noakes 2002), foraminifera (Caval-Holme et al 2013), and terrestrial mammals (Purvis andHarvey 1995, Falster et al 2008). The offspring-adult slope for marine mammals (this study) was not different from that of terrestrial mammals (Falster et al 2008) but was significantly less than 1.…”

Section: Proportional Vs Invariant Offspring Size Strategymentioning

confidence: 87%

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Adult and offspring size in the ocean over 17 orders of magnitude follows two life history strategies

Neuheimer

Hartvig

Heuschele

et al. 2015

Ecology

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. (2015). Adult and offspring size in the ocean over 17 orders of magnitude follows two life history strategies. Ecology, 96(12), 3303-3311. DOI: 10.1890/14-2491.1 Ecology, 96(12), 2015Ecology, 96(12), , pp. 3303-3311 Ó 2015 Abstract. Explaining variability in offspring vs. adult size among groups is a necessary step to determine the evolutionary and environmental constraints shaping variability in life history strategies. This is of particular interest for life in the ocean where a diversity of offspring development strategies is observed along with variability in physical and biological forcing factors in space and time. We compiled adult and offspring size for 407 pelagic marine species covering more than 17 orders of magnitude in body mass including Cephalopoda, Cnidaria, Crustaceans, Ctenophora, Elasmobranchii, Mammalia, Sagittoidea, and Teleost. We find marine life following one of two distinct strategies, with offspring size being either proportional to adult size (e.g., Crustaceans, Elasmobranchii, and Mammalia) or invariant with adult size (e.g., Cephalopoda, Cnidaria, Sagittoidea, Teleosts, and possibly Ctenophora). We discuss where these two strategies occur and how these patterns (along with the relative size of the offspring) may be shaped by physical and biological constraints in the organism's environment. This adaptive environment along with the evolutionary history of the different groups shape observed life history strategies and possible group-specific responses to changing environmental conditions (e.g., production and distribution).

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Section: Proportional Vs Invariant Offspring Size Strategymentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Potential offspring size is constrained upwards by the size of the parent while the minimum possible size is determined by the physiological, ecological, and physical constraints on viability (e.g., Smith and Fretwell 1974, Strathmann 1985, Thygesen et al 2005, Charnov and Ernest 2006, Caval-Holme et al 2013; Fig. 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adult and offspring size in the ocean over 17 orders of magnitude follows two life history strategies

Neuheimer

Hartvig

Heuschele

et al. 2015

Ecology

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“…Davis et al, 2012;Caval-Holme, Payne & Skotheim, 2013). Davis et al, 2012;Caval-Holme, Payne & Skotheim, 2013).…”

Section: Adult Morphology Influences I*mentioning

confidence: 99%

The positive correlation between maternal size and offspring size: fitting pieces of a life‐history puzzle

Rollinson

Rowe

2015

Biological Reviews

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The evolution of investment per offspring (I) is often viewed through the lens of the classic theory, in which variation among individuals in a population is not expected. A substantial departure from this prediction arises in the form of correlations between maternal body size and I, which are observed within populations in virtually all taxonomic groups. Based on the generality of this observation, we suggest it is caused by a common underlying mechanism. We pursue a unifying explanation for this pattern by reviewing all theoretical models that attempt to explain it. We assess the generality of the mechanism upon which each model is based, and the extent to which data support its predictions. Two classes of adaptive models are identified: models that assume that the correlation arises from maternal influences on the relationship between I and offspring fitness [w(I)], and those that assume that maternal size influences the relationship between I and maternal fitness [W(I)]. The weight of evidence suggests that maternal influences on w(I) are probably not very general, and even for taxa where maternal influences on w(I) are likely, experiments fail to support model predictions. Models that assume that W(I) varies with maternal size appear to offer more generality, but the current challenge is to identify a specific and general mechanism upon which W(I) varies predictably with maternal size. Recent theory suggests the exciting possibility that a yet unknown mechanism modifies the offspring size-number trade-off function in a manner that is predictable with respect to maternal size, such that W(I) varies with size. We identify two promising avenues of inquiry. First, the trade-off might be modified by energetic costs that are associated with the initiation of reproduction ('overhead costs') and that scale with I, and future work could investigate what specific overhead costs are generally associated with reproduction and whether these costs scale with I. Second, the trade-off might be modified by virtue of condition-dependent offspring provisioning coupled with metabolic factors, and future work could investigate the proximate cause of, and generality of, condition-dependent offspring provisioning. Finally, drawing on the existing literature, we suggest that maternal size per se is not causatively related to variation in I, and the mechanism involved in the correlation is instead linked to maternal nutritional status or maternal condition, which is usually correlated with maternal size. Using manipulative experiments to elucidate why females with high nutritional status typically produce large offspring might help explain what specific mechanism underlies the maternal-size correlation.

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“…Consistent with this idea, the availability of atmospheric oxygen, which varies more than twofold on geological time scales, appears to be a major constraint on the cell size of ~1-mm-diameter unicellular, marine protist, foraminifera (Payne et al 2012, 2013). In addition, there may be constraints on the ratio of parent and offspring size in foraminifera , suggesting that there may be a limited range of cell sizes that can be controlled by a specific genome (Caval-Holme et al 2013). …”

Section: Introduction: Cells Maintain a Characteristic Cell Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

Cell-Size Control

Amodeo

Skotheim

2015

Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol

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159

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Cells of a given type maintain a characteristic cell size to function efficiently in their ecological or organismal context. They achieve this through the regulation of growth rates or by actively sensing size and coupling this signal to cell division. We focus this review on potential size-sensing mechanisms, including geometric, external cue, and titration mechanisms. Mechanisms that titrate proteins against DNA are of particular interest because they are consistent with the robust correlation of DNA content and cell size. We review the literature, which suggests that titration mechanisms may underlie cell-size sensing in Xenopus embryos, budding yeast, and Escherichia coli, whereas alternative mechanisms may function in fission yeast.

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Constraints on the Adult-Offspring Size Relationship in Protists

Abstract: The relationship between adult and offspring size is an important aspect of reproductive strategy. Although this filial relationship has been extensively examined in plants and animals, we currently lack comparable data for protists, whose strategies may differ

Cited by 13 publications

References 30 publications

Adult and offspring size in the ocean over 17 orders of magnitude follows two life history strategies

Adult and offspring size in the ocean over 17 orders of magnitude follows two life history strategies

The positive correlation between maternal size and offspring size: fitting pieces of a life‐history puzzle

Cell-Size Control

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