Connecting Phytochemicals, Epigenetics, and Healthy Aging

Szic, Katarzyna Szarc vel; Palagani, Ajay; Chirumamilla, Chandra Sekhar; Diddens, Jolien; Berghe, Wim Vanden

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-397803-5.00010-1

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 195 publications

(239 reference statements)

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“…BC components accomplish their role with great precision on at least two levels of gene expression, as chemical regulators of epigenetic mechanisms and as factors directly controlling the activity of nuclear receptors. In fact, several BCs modify the chromatic structure to modulate gene expression by directly inhibiting DNA methyltransferases or histone-modifying enzymes or by altering the availability of substrates necessary for those enzymatic reactions [57]. There is evidence that those who adhere to ND develop mental well-being with resilience [2], which suggests a potential epigenetic role for BCs and other nutrient-dense food in brain neuroplasticity.…”

Section: Neuroprotective Signaling Of Bioactive Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactive Compounds for Customized Brain Health: What Are We and Where Should We Be Heading?

Begdache

Marhaba

2023

IJERPH

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Many strides have been made in the field of nutrition that are making it an attractive field not only to nutrition professionals but also to healthcare practitioners. Thanks to the emergence of molecular nutrition, there is a better appreciation of how the diet modulates health at the cellular and molecular levels. More importantly, the advancements in brain imaging have produced a greater appreciation of the impact of diet on brain health. To date, our understanding of the effect of nutrients on brain health goes beyond the action of vitamins and minerals and dives into the intracellular, molecular, and epigenetic effects of nutrients. Bioactive compounds (BCs) in food are gaining a lot of attention due to their ability to modulate gene expression. In addition, bioactive compounds activate some nuclear receptors that are the target of many pharmaceuticals. With the emergence of personalized medicine, gaining an understanding of the biologically active compounds may help with the customization of therapies. This review explores the prominent BCs that can impact cognitive functions and mental health to deliver a potentially prophylactic framework for practitioners. Another purpose is to identify potential gaps in the literature to suggest new research agendas for scientists.

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Section: Neuroprotective Signaling Of Bioactive Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactive Compounds for Customized Brain Health: What Are We and Where Should We Be Heading?

Begdache

Marhaba

2023

IJERPH

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“…(A) Schematic representation of a nucleosome with extruding histone tails with residues that can be modified by various chromatin writer (i.e., DNA methyltransferase (DNMT), histone methyltransferase (HMT), histone acetylase (HAT), ubiquitin ligase (L), kinase (K), glycosylase (G)) or chromatin eraser enzymes (i.e., DNA hydroxymethylase (TET), demethylase (HDMT), deacetylase (HDAC), proteasome (Pr), phosphatase (PP)), resulting in dynamic histone methylation (Me), acetylation (Ac), ubiquitination (Ub), phosphorylation (P), and glycosylation (Gly). These histone modifications have been associated with changes in chromatin organization, gene activation, silencing, and several other nuclear functions (adapted from [ 338 ]). (B) Hypothetical model of a glycolytic-oxidative metabolic switch and its possible influence on epigenetic modifiers and the epigenetic landscape (adapted from [ 339 ]).…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

From inflammaging to healthy aging by dietary lifestyle choices: is epigenetics the key to personalized nutrition?

et al. 2015

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The progressively older population in developed countries is reflected in an increase in the number of people suffering from age-related chronic inflammatory diseases such as metabolic syndrome, diabetes, heart and lung diseases, cancer, osteoporosis, arthritis, and dementia. The heterogeneity in biological aging, chronological age, and aging-associated disorders in humans have been ascribed to different genetic and environmental factors (i.e., diet, pollution, stress) that are closely linked to socioeconomic factors. The common denominator of these factors is the inflammatory response. Chronic low-grade systemic inflammation during physiological aging and immunosenescence are intertwined in the pathogenesis of premature aging also defined as ‘inflammaging.’ The latter has been associated with frailty, morbidity, and mortality in elderly subjects. However, it is unknown to what extent inflammaging or longevity is controlled by epigenetic events in early life. Today, human diet is believed to have a major influence on both the development and prevention of age-related diseases. Most plant-derived dietary phytochemicals and macro- and micronutrients modulate oxidative stress and inflammatory signaling and regulate metabolic pathways and bioenergetics that can be translated into stable epigenetic patterns of gene expression. Therefore, diet interventions designed for healthy aging have become a hot topic in nutritional epigenomic research. Increasing evidence has revealed that complex interactions between food components and histone modifications, DNA methylation, non-coding RNA expression, and chromatin remodeling factors influence the inflammaging phenotype and as such may protect or predispose an individual to many age-related diseases. Remarkably, humans present a broad range of responses to similar dietary challenges due to both genetic and epigenetic modulations of the expression of target proteins and key genes involved in the metabolism and distribution of the dietary constituents. Here, we will summarize the epigenetic actions of dietary components, including phytochemicals, and macro- and micronutrients as well as metabolites, that can attenuate inflammaging. We will discuss the challenges facing personalized nutrition to translate highly variable interindividual epigenetic diet responses to potential individual health benefits/risks related to aging disease.

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Living Long and Aging Well

Rea

Mills

2018

Epigenetics of Aging and Longevity

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Connecting Phytochemicals, Epigenetics, and Healthy Aging

Cited by 3 publications

References 195 publications

Bioactive Compounds for Customized Brain Health: What Are We and Where Should We Be Heading?

Bioactive Compounds for Customized Brain Health: What Are We and Where Should We Be Heading?

From inflammaging to healthy aging by dietary lifestyle choices: is epigenetics the key to personalized nutrition?

Living Long and Aging Well

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