Conjugated Polymer for Voltage‐Controlled Release of Molecules

Drug release devices of small molecules are widely used in cell stimulation, drug delivery, and microenvironment regulation. Herein, a flexible drug release device (FDRD) powered by a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is demonstrated, that has the superiority of low power consumption, flexible structure, and controllable release. In the self‐powered FDRD, the TENG can effectively harvest and transfer biomechanical energy into electricity. With a power management module, the TENG can provide a steady voltage supply for sustainable drug release, and the unique switchable wettability of poly(3‐hexylthiophene) films in Na2SO4 aqueous solutions can be regulated. The UV–vis absorption spectra of small molecules including methylene blue, fluorescein sodium, and rhodamine 6G released from the FDRD can be observed and recorded in real time. Furthermore, the releasing rate of conventional salicylic acid with the effect of removing cutin, sterilizing, and diminishing inflammation is also recorded in Na2SO4 aqueous solution. With the advantages of flexible structure, and controllable and sustainable release, the self‐powered FDRD is expected to find great potential in wearable medical devices, drug controllable release, and self‐powered therapy.

“…At this point, the surface energy of P3HT layer is altered due to combination of

{SO}^{2 -}_{4}

and holes and the surface wettability of P3HT film change from hydrophobicity to hydrophilicity. After turning off the switch for 15 min, the

{SO}^{2 -}_{4}

diffuses back to Na 2 SO 4 aqueous solution and contact angle of deionized water returns to about 93.7°, which is a chemical reduction process, as shown in Figure 3b 13…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Release Performances Characterization Of Fdrdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Flexible Drug Release Device Powered by Triboelectric Nanogenerator

Liu

et al. 2020

Battery‐Free and Wireless Smart Wound Dressing for Wound Infection Monitoring and Electrically Controlled On‐Demand Drug Delivery

Cheng

et al. 2021

173

123

Real‐time monitoring wound status and providing timely therapies with smart wound dressing is a promising way to treat wound infections and accelerate the healing process. Herein, to establish a closed‐loop monitoring and treatment system, a fully integrated, battery‐free, and wireless smart wound dressing for wound infection detection and on‐demand drug delivery is developed using flexible electronics. The smart wound dressing integrated with the near field communication module can realize wireless power harvest and data transmission, on‐site signal processing, and drug delivery control, through the miniaturized circuit and smartphone. The temperature, pH, and uric acid of the wound is detected simultaneously by the developed sensors to assess wound conditions. Meanwhile, the drug delivery electrode in the dressing is used to provide on‐demand infection treatment by the electrically controlled antibiotics delivery. Through in vitro antibacterial experiments and in situ animal studies, it is shown that the dressing can effectively inhibit bacterial growth and accelerate wound healing, which fully validates its effectiveness in the wound treatment. Utilizing the advantages of near‐field communication and flexible electronics, the battery‐free and integrated design of sensing and treatment provides a promising solution for the development of a closed‐loop biomedical system integrating monitoring, diagnosis, and therapy.

High‐Performance, Single‐Component Ambipolar Organic Electrochemical Transistors with Balanced n/p‐Type Properties for Inverter and Biosensor Applications

Qi,

Wang,

Wang

et al. 2024

Ambipolar organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) with a single organic mixed ionic‐electronic conductor (OMIEC) have unique advantages by reducing fabrication complexity and cost in complementary logic circuit and bioelectronic applications. However, the design and synthesis of high‐performance ambipolar OMIECs for efficient transport and coupling both cation/anion and electron/hole remain challenging. Herein, a donor–acceptor (D–A)‐typed ambipolar OMIEC polymer (DHF‐gTT) is presented, whose superior ambipolarity stems from the concurrent oligoethyleneglycol‐functionalized D/A units that facilitates cation/anion injection and transport. Additionally, the fluorination of acceptor unit improves both hole/electron transports due to the fully‐locked backbone and promotes electron injection by down‐shifting molecular energy levels. Consequently, DHF‐gTT‐based OECTs achieve balanced figure‐of‐merit (µC*) for both p‐type and n‐type operations (12.4–14.6 F cm−1 V−1 s−1), setting new benchmarks for ambipolar OECTs, in terms of n‐type µC* and electron/hole mobilities. Such ambipolar OECTs enable the inverter to achieve a record‐high gain (102 V/V) and associated n‐type and p‐type molecular detectors to offer real‐time and highly sensitive detection of histamine and hydrogen peroxide detection, respectively. These results indicate the effectiveness of judicious molecular design on achieving high‐performance ambipolar OMIECs, allowing the state‐of‐the‐art single‐component ambipolar OECTs for both highly integrated logic circuit and bioelectronic applications.