Conjugated linoleic acid supplementation, insulin sensitivity, and lipoprotein metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Moloney, Fiona; Yeow, T. P.; Mullen, Anne; Nolan, John J.; Roche, Helen M.

doi:10.1093/ajcn/80.4.887

Cited by 222 publications

(205 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…One study using an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) reported in improved insulin sensitivity in healthy subjects after intake of the CLA mixture. 16 On the other hand, in a study of type 2 diabetics, 17 16 subjects receiving a mixture of CLA isomers showed changes in fasting glucose, HOMA, insulin sensitivity index and oral glucose sensitivity suggestive of increased insulin resistance compared to placebo-treated subjects. In the same study, however, no changes in HbA1c, QUICKI, fasting insulin or glucose and insulin response during OGTT, were observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of 6 months supplementation with conjugated linoleic acid on insulin resistance in overweight and obese

Syvertsen¹,

Halse²,

Ho³

et al. 2006

Int J Obes

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Background: Contradicting results have been published regarding the effect of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on insulin resistance. However, only a few studies have used the euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp method, which is considered the standard for measuring insulin resistance. Objective: To evaluate if CLA as a mixture of the main isomers trans-10 cis-12 and cis-9 trans-11 affects the insulin resistance in healthy overweight and obese male and female adults. Design: The main study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with change in body composition as primary end point comprising 118 subjects receiving supplementation with either placebo (olive oil) or CLA (Clarinol) for 6 months. A sub-population of 49 subjects agreed additionally to participate in an euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp study at baseline and after 6 months of supplementation with study drug. The primary outcome was the change in glucose uptake (M) as measured by the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic glucose clamp method. Secondary outcomes were the correlates between insulin resistance and changes in body composition or blood chemistry parameters. Forty-one subjects completed the clamp test at both time points. Results: The median M of the CLA group was 11.0 mg min À1 lean body mass (lbm) À1 (n ¼ 24) at baseline, 10.3 mg min À1 lbm À1 (n ¼ 24) after 6 months, and the median difference was þ 0.21 mg min À1 lbm À1 (n ¼ 24). The median M of placebo group was 8.4 mg min À1 lbm À1 at baseline and 9.3 mg min À1 lbm À1 after 6 months and the median difference was À0.22 mg min À1 lbm À1 (n ¼ 17). No significant (Po0.05) differences were found within groups or between groups. Likewise, the glucose uptake insulin concentration ratio during clamp (M/I) was independent of treatment and time. Homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index derived from fasting glucose and insulin were also independent of treatment and time, and HOMA for the clamp population (n ¼ 49) corresponded well with HOMA for the per protocol population (n ¼ 83). Correlation analysis showed that changes in M were inversely correlated to changes in glucohemoglobin (P ¼ 0.002), but did not correlate with changes in either glucose, insulin, insulin c-peptide, leptin, adiponectin or percent body fat. Conclusions: CLA does not affect glucose metabolism or insulin sensitivity in a population of overweight or obese volunteers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[15][16][17][18] CLA as a food supplement is widely promoted for reduction of body fat. Long-term studies have shown CLA to be safe.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of 6 months supplementation with conjugated linoleic acid on insulin resistance in overweight and obese

Syvertsen¹,

Halse²,

Ho³

et al. 2006

Int J Obes

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“…The c9,t11 isomer of CLA is the major form of naturally occurring CLA, and is found in dairy products and ruminant meats. Additionally, a mixture of the c9,t11-and t10,c12-CLA isomers is available in health food stores as a dietary supplement, and is being evaluated clinically for its potential benefit in controlling obesity, improving immune function and insulin sensitivity, and altering lipid metabolism [1][2][3]. CLA has also been shown to be an anticancer agent in a number of rodent and human tumor model systems, including carcinogen-induced and transplantable mammary tumor models [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conjugated linoleic acid induces apoptosis of murine mammary tumor cells via Bcl-2 loss

Lisafeld

et al. 2007

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications

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Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a powerful anticancer agent in a number of tumor model systems; however, its precise mechanism of action remains elusive. Here, we report that t10,c12 CLA, a component of synthetic CLA supplements, induced apoptosis and G 1 arrest of p53 mutant TM4t murine mammary tumor cells. Furthermore, t10,c12-CLA induced a time-and concentrationdependent cleavage of caspases-3 and -9, and release of cytochrome c from mitochondria to cytosol. Levels of Bcl-2 protein were decreased both in total cellular lysates and in mitochondria after t10,c12-CLA treatment; however, there was no significant change in Bax or Bak. Overexpression of Bcl-2 attenuated apoptosis in response to t10,c12-CLA treatment. These results demonstrate that t10,c12-CLA triggers apoptosis of p53 mutant murine mammary tumor cells through the mitochondrial pathway by targeting Bcl-2.

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“…Com exceção do trabalho de Belury et al 94 , que observaram redução da glicose plasmática em indivíduos portadores de diabetes tipo 2, a maioria dos estudos revisados demonstrou aumento de glicose plasmática, tendência para aumento da insulina plasmática e redução da sensibilidade à insulina 8,65,79,90,95 . Apenas os trabalhos recentes de Tricón et al 80 e de Taylor et al 96 reúnem dados que os permitem concluir que ambos os isômeros de CLA não apresentaram efeitos adversos sobre as concentrações plasmáticas de glicose e insulina e sobre a sensibilidade à ação da insulina.…”

Section: Cla Metabolismo De Glicose E Lipídeos E Composição Corporalunclassified

“…A partir de então muitos foram os estudos com diversos animais [102][103][104] , com culturas de adipócito de roedores e humanos [105][106][107][108][109] e com humanos 8,65,[74][75][76][77][78][79][80]90,95,96,[110][111][112][113][114][115][116] , que surgiram com o objetivo de avaliar a propriedade de redução da gordura corporal, bem como elucidar os mecanismos de ação pelos quais o CLA desempenha esse papel.…”

Section: Cla Metabolismo De Glicose E Lipídeos E Composição Corporalunclassified

Os efeitos do ácido linoléico conjugado no metabolismo animal: avanço das pesquisas e perspectivas para o futuro

2008

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Conjugated linoleic acid supplementation, insulin sensitivity, and lipoprotein metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract: CLA supplementation had an adverse effect on insulin and glucose metabolism. Whereas CLA had positive effects on HDL metabolism and fibrinogen, a therapeutic nutrient should not be associated with potentially adverse effects on other clinical markers of type 2 diabetes.

Cited by 222 publications

References 49 publications

The effect of 6 months supplementation with conjugated linoleic acid on insulin resistance in overweight and obese

The effect of 6 months supplementation with conjugated linoleic acid on insulin resistance in overweight and obese

Conjugated linoleic acid induces apoptosis of murine mammary tumor cells via Bcl-2 loss

Os efeitos do ácido linoléico conjugado no metabolismo animal: avanço das pesquisas e perspectivas para o futuro

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