Congruence of epicuticular hydrocarbons and tarsal secretions as a principle in beetles

Geiselhardt, Stefanie F.; Geiselhardt, Sven; Peschke, Klaus

doi:10.1007/s00049-011-0077-3

Cited by 38 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…To determine the level of similarity of the CHC profile of the beetles and their hosts, isolated beetles and between species we used hierarchical cluster analysis (Euclidean distances, Ward's method) to construct a single-linkage dendrogram (see, e.g., [26,27]). The Nei index of similarity was used to compare the chemical profiles of the species when large qualitative differences are observed (see, e.g., [27][28][29]). Figure 3 shows the frequency of nests in relation to the number of guests.…”

Section: Statisticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Integration of Myrmecophilous Guests inAphaenogasterAnt Nests

Lenoir

Chalon

Carvajal

et al. 2012

Psyche: A Journal of Entomology

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Social insect nests provide a safe and favourable shelter to many guests and parasites. In Aphaenogaster senilis nests many guests are tolerated. Among them we studied the chemical integration of two myrmecophile beetles, Sternocoelis hispanus (Coleoptera: Histeridae) and Chitosa nigrita (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), and a silverfish. Silverfishes bear low quantities of the host hydrocarbons (chemical insignificance), acquired probably passively, and they do not match the colony odour. Both beetle species use chemical mimicry to be accepted; they have the same specific cuticular hydrocarbon profile as their host. They also match the ant colony odour, but they keep some specificity and can be recognised by the ants as a different element. Sternocoelis are always adopted in other conspecific colonies of A. senilis with different delays. They are adopted in the twin species A. iberica but never in A. simonellii or A. subterranea. They are readopted easily into their mother colony after an isolation of different durations until one month. After isolation they keep their hydrocarbons quantity, showing that they are able to synthesize them. Nevertheless, their profile diverges from the host colony, indicating that they adjust it in contact with the hosts. This had never been demonstrated before in myrmecophile beetles. We suggest that the chemical mimicry of Sternocoelis is the result of a coevolution with A. senilis with a possible cleaning symbiosis.

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Section: Statisticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Integration of Myrmecophilous Guests inAphaenogasterAnt Nests

Lenoir

Chalon

Carvajal

et al. 2012

Psyche: A Journal of Entomology

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“…Possible functional advantages lie in (i) their increased flexibility towards substrates of different surface energy and polarity, (ii) their possible non-Newtonian viscosity shifts implying adjustable viscosities [24–25] and (iii) the formation of lipoid shields that prevent the aqueous fraction of an adhesive from desiccation and its sticking to the walls of the outlet ductule [4,20,26]. Moreover, within the lipoid fraction itself, both the specific constitution and the mixing ratio of the various hydrocarbon molecules might also largely influence their adhesive performance possibly via viscosity and surface tension effects, molecular re-orientations and the intermolecular attraction of the hydrocarbon chains in the thin liquid films [27]. In hydrocarbon molecules, viscosity is positively correlated with chain length, whereas the degree of unsaturation and the number of double bonds and methyl branches have the opposite effect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In hydrocarbon molecules, viscosity is positively correlated with chain length, whereas the degree of unsaturation and the number of double bonds and methyl branches have the opposite effect. The position of the double bonds and the methyl branches modify this behaviour [27]. Indeed, in the potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata , the supplementation of unsaturated components (e.g., cis -alkenes) to the adhesive tarsal secretions results in a significant reduction of friction forces [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and tribometric characterization of biomimetically inspired synthetic "insect adhesives"

Speidel

Kleemeier

Hartwig

et al. 2017

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.

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Background: Based on previous chemical analyses of insect tarsal adhesives, we prepared 12 heterogeneous synthetic emulsions mimicking the polar/non-polar principle, analysed their microscopical structure and tested their adhesive, frictional, and rheological properties. Results: The prepared emulsions varied in their consistency from solid rubber-like, over soft elastic, to fluid (watery or oily). With droplet sizes >100 nm, all the emulsions belonged to the common type of macroemulsions. The emulsions of the first generation generally showed broader droplet-size ranges compared with the second generation, especially when less defined components such as petrolatum or waxes were present in the lipophilic fraction of the first generation of emulsions. Some of the prepared emulsions showed a yield point and were Bingham fluids. Tribometric adhesion was tested via probe tack tests. Compared with the "second generation" (containing less viscous components), the "first generation" emulsions were much more adhesive (31–93 mN), a finding attributable to their highly viscous components, i.e., wax, petrolatum, gelatin and poly(vinyl alcohol). In the second generation emulsions, we attained much lower adhesivenesses, ranging between 1–18 mN. The adhesive performance was drastically reduced in the emulsions that contained albumin as the protein component or that lacked protein. Tribometric shear tests were performed at moderate normal loads. Our measured friction forces (4–93 mN in the first and 0.1–5.8 mN in the second generation emulsions) were comparatively low. Differences in shear performance were related to the chemical composition and emulsion structure. Conclusion: By varying their chemical composition, synthetic heterogeneous adhesive emulsions can be adjusted to have diverse consistencies and are able to mimic certain rheological and tribological properties of natural tarsal insect adhesives.

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“…The fatty alcohol docosan-1-ol was found from hexane extracts of virgin males and females triatomine Triatoma infestans epicuticular lipids (CocchiararoBastias et al, 2011 (Haverty et al, 2000) and from tarsal secretions of the beetles Phaedon cochleariae and Nicrophoru snepalensisas (Geiselhardt et al, 2011). 1,4-Dimethylbenzene (p-xylene) was identified from the analysis of the female pecan weevil Curculio caryae essential oil (Mody et al, 1973).…”

Section: Chemicals Identified In Different Insect Orders Except Lepidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-related changes in the chemical composition of female pheromone gland of the Egyptian cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

El-Gashingy¹,

Naiem²,

Seada³

et al. 2018

Egypt. J. Exp. Biol. (Zoo.)

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Do h a H e s h a m E l -Ga s h i n g y El-S a e i d A h me d N a i e m M e r v a t Ra f e i k A b o u S e a d a A m a l I b r a h i m S e i fAge-related changes in the chemical composition of female pheromone glands of the Egyptian cotton leafw orm, Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) ABSTRACT:The Egyptian cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a serious pest that attacks a wide range of crops in Egypt. To relate the age with the chemical composition of the pheromone glands of the female S. littoralis, the chemical components of the glands were analyzed using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC -MS). The pheromone glands of the females were excised at four different ages: newly emerged (D 0 v), one-dayold (D1v), two-day-old (D2v), three-day-old (D3v) and three-day-old mated females (D3m). The pheromone glands contained 54 compounds in the hexane extract, (1 ketone, 1 acetate, 2 fatty acids, 3 esters, 6 aldehydes, 12 alcohols and 29 hydrocarbons). The presence and relative amounts of th ese compounds in the gland varied with age. Few compounds were observed in the glands of D0v, increased in D1v, D2v, and D3v, and remained almost constant in D 3 m. Fifteen compounds were previously identified as sex pheromone components in other Lepidoptera ; the major compounds were the two hydrocarbons, hentriacontane and heptacosane. Another fifteen components were previously identified from different insect orders other than Lepidoptera. The other twenty-four compounds were identified for the first time in insects. Determination and identification the sex pheromones of S. littoralis may present safe biologically active compounds that could be used in the management programs for this pest in Egypt. KEY WORDS:Spodoptera littoralis, Pheromone glands, Gas chromatography and Lepidoptera CORRESPONDENCE:Do h a H e s h a m E l -Ga s h i n g y Entomology Section, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Egypt INTRODUCTION:In the last four decades, there have been extensive researches on insect semiochemicals "The Pherobaseˮ (El-Sayed, 2014).They are chemical compounds implicated in the transfer of information from one individual to another to trigger a behavioral and physiological response in one or both insects (Dicke and Sabelis, 1988 and W olf, 1988; Ando et al., 2004). In Lepidoptera these compounds "The Pherobaseˮ (El-Sayed, 2014) play different roles.Virgin Lepidoptera females emit sex pheromones which cause attraction of males to the location of the female and subsequently, mating takes place (Kingan et al., 1993).In moths pheromone communication signals, both quantitative and qualitative intraspecific differences have been found across geographic regions (Klun, 1975;Roelofs et al., 1985). Such variation has generally been hypothesized to be due to selection and genetic control of these differences (Vogel et al., 2010). The composition of the female pheromone glands S. littoralis is highly dependent on the origin of the strain and its geographical distri...

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Congruence of epicuticular hydrocarbons and tarsal secretions as a principle in beetles

Cited by 38 publications

References 40 publications

Chemical Integration of Myrmecophilous Guests inAphaenogasterAnt Nests

Chemical Integration of Myrmecophilous Guests inAphaenogasterAnt Nests

Structural and tribometric characterization of biomimetically inspired synthetic "insect adhesives"

Age-related changes in the chemical composition of female pheromone gland of the Egyptian cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

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