Congenital Syphilis

Abstract

The paucity of research, which focuses on CS, is most likely due to ethical concerns related to infants as research participants and provides an opportunity for future research. Future research could focus on factors that focus on maternal-fetal/maternal-child transmission of CS.

Increase of Incidence of Congenital Syphilis in Santa Catarina State Between 2007-2017: Temporal Trend Analysis

“…The incidence of congenital syphilis has also increased in other countries, such as the United States, which showed a considerable increase in rates over the same period. 6 , 19 A recent systematic review concluded that screening for pregnant women infected with syphilis contributes to reducing the incidence of congenital syphilis. 20 In 2016, the Ministry of Health implemented new strategic actions for the reduction of congenital syphilis in Brazil, thought precisely by the growing number of cases the country had been presenting.…”

“… 7 The lack of medication and the epidemiological scenario that hit the country may possibly have led to an inadequate pharmacological treatment that, in turn, resulted in an increase in the rate of vertical transmission and an increase in neonatal morbidity and mortality. 6 However, the lack of medication no longer affects Brazil. According to the 2017 Syphilis Bulletin, penicillin was prescribed in 88.9% of cases for treatment of syphilis during pregnancy in 2016.…”

“…Among those diagnosed, there are cases of non-adherence to the indicated treatment, transmitting the infection to the fetus, who possibly will have the disease at birth, in addition to the risks of miscarriage, fetal death or sequelae caused by the infection. 6 Moreover, reinfection may occur during pregnancy if the sexual partner does not receive adequate treatment, even if the pregnant woman has been treated, because previous syphilis does not confer immunity. 4 There are also cases in which the treatment is performed inappropriately, such as in the 30 days before delivery and/or with incomplete therapeutic regimen, which can result in the ineffectiveness of pharmacological treatment.…”

Tendência temporal e o perfil epidemiológico da sífilis congênita no Ceará (2009-2018)

“…Em pacientes com SC tardia, podem ser vistos os sinais de Higoumenakis e de Auenbrugger e as juntas de Cluntton. 3 Com isso, nota-se que a SC pode causar vários desfechos sérios. 4 Ressalta-se que a incidência mundial de SC diminuiu entre o período de 2012 e 2016, embora a subnotificação causada pela falta de testes ou relatórios em vários países possa ter influenciado esse cenário.…”

Análise epidemiológica comparativa entre sífilis congênita e outras sífilis no estado do Rio de Janeiro nos últimos 10 anos

“…Segundo dados da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), na América do Norte, os casos de sífilis primária e secundária aumentaram de 0,9 para 1,9 por 100000 mulheres entre 2012 e 2016 e, de forma semelhante, os níveis de infecção de sífilis congênita cresceram de 8,4 para 15,5 casos por 100000 nascimentos, totalizando um aumento de 86,9% nesse mesmo período 8 . Além disso, estudos indicam que a sífilis congênita corresponde a, aproximadamente, 50% dos recém-nascidos com sequelas físicas, sensoriais e de desenvolvimento e que fatores socioeconômicos tem grande influência sobre sua incidência⁴ʾ¹⁴.…”