Congenital malformations in the fylde region of Lancashire, England 1957–1973

Association between social position and congenital anomalies: A population-based study among 19,874 Danish women

“…Low social position has shown to be associated with an increased risk of orofacial clefts [7][8][9], although this association seems to be inconsistent [1,13,14]. Studies of all heart defects combined found no association with socioeconomic status [15][16][17]. However, in a case-control study examining the association between socioeconomic status and specific subtypes of heart defects, Carmichal et al recently found that low socioeconomic status was associated with increased risk of transposition of the great arteries.…”

Association between social position and congenital anomalies: A population-based study among 19,874 Danish women

“…Low social position has shown to be associated with an increased risk of orofacial clefts [7][8][9], although this association seems to be inconsistent [1,13,14]. Studies of all heart defects combined found no association with socioeconomic status [15][16][17]. However, in a case-control study examining the association between socioeconomic status and specific subtypes of heart defects, Carmichal et al recently found that low socioeconomic status was associated with increased risk of transposition of the great arteries.…”

Socio‐economic status and risk of conotruncal heart defects and orofacial clefts

“…A comprehensive literature review revealed limited information about the association between SES and the malformations under study. Several studies of all heart defects combined reported no association with SES, 12–15 whereas one study observed that public clinic patients had higher risk than private clinic patients 16 . Two studies suggested no association of conotruncal defects (as a single group) with maternal education 17,18 or occupation 17 .…”

Medical or health geography? Populations, peoples and places

“…Using two cohorts, one from the beginning of the study period and one from the end of the study period, and taking into account residential moves, they recalculated incidence rates to show that only one location within the city had a signi®cantly high number of cases for both cohorts. Lovett et al (1990) took an approach which is well-known in epidemiology, case-control, but is rarely used in medical and health geography, to examine congenital malformations in the Fylde region of northwest England. The matching was done by comparing mothers who had a child with neural tube defects and mothers who had a child with cardiovascular defects using a database compiled by a consultant paediatrician in the study area.…”

Association between social position and congenital anomalies: A population-based study among 19,874 Danish women

“…Low social position has shown to be associated with an increased risk of orofacial clefts [7][8][9], although this association seems to be inconsistent [1,13,14]. Studies of all heart defects combined found no association with socioeconomic status [15][16][17]. However, in a case-control study examining the association between socioeconomic status and specific subtypes of heart defects, Carmichal et al recently found that low socioeconomic status was associated with increased risk of transposition of the great arteries.…”

Socio‐economic status and risk of conotruncal heart defects and orofacial clefts

“…A comprehensive literature review revealed limited information about the association between SES and the malformations under study. Several studies of all heart defects combined reported no association with SES, 12–15 whereas one study observed that public clinic patients had higher risk than private clinic patients 16 . Two studies suggested no association of conotruncal defects (as a single group) with maternal education 17,18 or occupation 17 .…”

Medical or health geography? Populations, peoples and places

“…Using two cohorts, one from the beginning of the study period and one from the end of the study period, and taking into account residential moves, they recalculated incidence rates to show that only one location within the city had a signi®cantly high number of cases for both cohorts. Lovett et al (1990) took an approach which is well-known in epidemiology, case-control, but is rarely used in medical and health geography, to examine congenital malformations in the Fylde region of northwest England. The matching was done by comparing mothers who had a child with neural tube defects and mothers who had a child with cardiovascular defects using a database compiled by a consultant paediatrician in the study area.…”

Association between social position and congenital anomalies: A population-based study among 19,874 Danish women

“…Low social position has shown to be associated with an increased risk of orofacial clefts [7][8][9], although this association seems to be inconsistent [1,13,14]. Studies of all heart defects combined found no association with socioeconomic status [15][16][17]. However, in a case-control study examining the association between socioeconomic status and specific subtypes of heart defects, Carmichal et al recently found that low socioeconomic status was associated with increased risk of transposition of the great arteries.…”

Socio‐economic status and risk of conotruncal heart defects and orofacial clefts

“…A comprehensive literature review revealed limited information about the association between SES and the malformations under study. Several studies of all heart defects combined reported no association with SES, 12–15 whereas one study observed that public clinic patients had higher risk than private clinic patients 16 . Two studies suggested no association of conotruncal defects (as a single group) with maternal education 17,18 or occupation 17 .…”

Medical or health geography? Populations, peoples and places

“…Using two cohorts, one from the beginning of the study period and one from the end of the study period, and taking into account residential moves, they recalculated incidence rates to show that only one location within the city had a signi®cantly high number of cases for both cohorts. Lovett et al (1990) took an approach which is well-known in epidemiology, case-control, but is rarely used in medical and health geography, to examine congenital malformations in the Fylde region of northwest England. The matching was done by comparing mothers who had a child with neural tube defects and mothers who had a child with cardiovascular defects using a database compiled by a consultant paediatrician in the study area.…”