Confronting Hate: Heterosexuals' Responses to Anti-Gay Comments

Dickter, Cheryl L.

doi:10.1080/00918369.2012.712817

Cited by 42 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…However, recent research on non‐targets' responses to heterosexist comments supports the findings in the current study that the perceived offensiveness of the comment is related to confronting behavior (Dickter, ). The perceived offensiveness of the comment may be particularly important to males.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

To confront or not to confront: non‐targets' evaluations of and responses to racist comments

Dickter

Newton

2013

J Applied Social Pyschol

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The current studies explore situational and individual factors affecting non‐target perceivers' reactions and behavior following a racist comment, focusing on verbal confronting behavior. Two studies were conducted in which participants reported about recent situations in which they witnessed a racist comment that was not directed specifically at their own racial group. Results indicated that only one third of participants directly confronted the commenter. Strength of verbal confrontation was predicted by affective reactions and judgments of the offensiveness of the prejudicial comment. Analyses also revealed that strength of confrontation for females was predicted by the experience of negative emotions, but that males confronted more with stronger ratings of the offensiveness of the racist remarks. Implications for theory and policy are discussed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

To confront or not to confront: non‐targets' evaluations of and responses to racist comments

Dickter

Newton

2013

J Applied Social Pyschol

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“…Majority group members also report hearing an average of four racist comments and three heterosexist comments per week (Dickter & Newton, in press). Much research has suggested that the college campus may be a particularly ripe environment for prejudicial comments and hate speech about various minority groups (Burn, ; D'Augelli & Hershberger, ; Dickter, in press; Dickter & Newton, in press; Plummer, ; Thurlow, ; Swim, Hyers, Cohen, Fitzgerald, & Bylsma, ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Less research has focused on the confrontation of prejudicial comments by non‐target individuals who are majority group members (e.g., White Americans, heterosexuals). Recent work has established that, like targets, non‐targets are reluctant to confront prejudicial remarks because of a fear of being evaluated negatively (Dickter, in press; Dickter & Newton, in press). However, recent work has suggested that non‐targets may not be perceived as complaining when confronting a prejudicial comment that is not directed toward their own group (Czopp & Monteith, ), as target confronters often are (Kaiser & Miller, ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Perceptions of non‐target confronters in response to racist and heterosexist remarks

Dickter

Kittel

Gyurovski

2011

Euro J Social Psych

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Research has established that targets who express disagreement with prejudicial comments directed toward their social group may be viewed negatively by those they confront or by members of social outgroups. Less research has examined how non-target individuals who confront prejudicial remarks are perceived. The current studies were designed to examine how non-targets who confronted racist (Study 1) and heterosexist (Study 2) comments would be perceived as a function of the level of offensiveness of the comment and the confrontation style used. The studies also examined whether confronting behavior would affect perceptions of the individual who made the prejudicial comment. Undergraduate participants read vignettes depicting a situation with a high or low offensive prejudicial comment in which a non-target individual confronted assertively, unassertively, or not at all. Participants provided judgments of both individuals. Results indicated that non-targets who confronted highly prejudicial comments either assertively or unassertively were liked and respected more than those who failed to confront. Additionally, commenters who were assertively confronted were respected less than commenters who were not. These findings suggest that non-targets may be especially effective in confronting prejudicial comments, as they do not suffer the same negative consequences as targets who confront.

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“…People high in incremental theories of personality react to perpetrators of prejudice by directly stating their point of view and attempting to re-educate the offender (Rattan and Dweck 2010). Self-report research using online diaries also indicates that verbally disagreeing with prejudicial comments is a popular confrontation strategy (Dickter 2012;Dickter and Newton 2013).…”

Section: Prejudice Confrontation Behaviormentioning

confidence: 96%

From the Crowd to the Competition: White Collegiate Athletes’ Response to Racism Directed at a Teammate of Color

Zestcott

Brown

2014

Curr Psychol

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News sources consistently report stories about issues of racism in athletics. Despite the prominence of these reports, few empirical studies have investigated how observers of racism respond to perpetrators in sport settings. In the present study, perpetrator of racism, type of sport played, and interracial contact on a team were analyzed to understand how White collegiate athletes respond to racism directed at a teammate of color. White collegiate athletes reacted to two vignettes and rated possible responses when witnessing a teammate of color experiencing racism during competition. Results showed that cooperative sport collegiate athletes endorsed more direct action against racism from an opposing player than individualistic sport collegiate athletes. Also, greater interracial contact on an athlete's team related to decreased endorsement of redirection against racism from opposing fans. Further, athletes expressed significantly greater willingness to report racism from opposing fans than from an opposing player. Implications for how White collegiate athletes respond to racism during competition are discussed.

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Confronting Hate: Heterosexuals' Responses to Anti-Gay Comments

Cited by 42 publications

References 46 publications

To confront or not to confront: non‐targets' evaluations of and responses to racist comments

To confront or not to confront: non‐targets' evaluations of and responses to racist comments

Perceptions of non‐target confronters in response to racist and heterosexist remarks

From the Crowd to the Competition: White Collegiate Athletes’ Response to Racism Directed at a Teammate of Color

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