Conflicting selection on the timing of germination in a natural population of <i><scp>A</scp>rabidopsis thaliana</i>

Akiyama, Reiko; Ågren, Jon

doi:10.1111/jeb.12293

Cited by 36 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The trade‐off between performance during early and late life stages was associated with conflicting selection on timing of germination, which is commonly observed in plants (Donohue et al., ; Rathcke & Lacey, ; Verdú & Traveset, ). We documented conflicting selection on germination timing through seedling establishment on the one hand and through adult survival and fecundity on the other in 2 of 3 years, which is consistent with the results of a previous seedling transplant experiment at the same site (Akiyama & Ågren, ). Early‐germinating genotypes had lower seedling establishment than had late‐germinating genotypes in the 2013 and 2014 experiments (Figures and ), which is likely the result of dry periods during summer.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…This was combined with lower precipitation than average in 2 of the 3 months, which should have increased the probability of seedling mortality due to drought stress among early germinants. Yet, early germination increases the time available for growth, which should enhance adult survival and fecundity (Akiyama & Ågren, ; Donohue et al., ). In the present experiments, late‐germinating genotypes had very short time to grow before winter.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The direction of selection on timing of germination can shift across the life cycle (conflicting selection). Early germination may enhance fecundity by providing a competitive advantage and increasing the time available for growth, but can come at the cost of reduced seedling survival (Akiyama & Ågren, ; Donohue et al., ; Rathcke & Lacey, ; Verdú & Traveset, ). Because the timing and magnitude of seasonal changes in environmental factors affecting seedling survival and growth vary among years, the balance between selection acting through seedling establishment and fecundity, respectively, and thus the optimal timing of germination, should also vary (Donohue et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Among‐year variation in selection during early life stages and the genetic basis of fitness in Arabidopsis thaliana

Postma

Ågren

2018

Molecular Ecology

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Incomplete information regarding both selection regimes and the genetic basis of fitness limits our understanding of adaptive evolution. Among-year variation in the genetic basis of fitness is rarely quantified, and estimates of selection are typically based on single components of fitness, thus potentially missing conflicting selection acting during other life-history stages. Here, we examined among-year variation in selection on a key life-history trait and the genetic basis of fitness covering the whole life cycle in the annual plant Arabidopsis thaliana. We planted freshly matured seeds of >200 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between two locally adapted populations (Italy and Sweden), and both parental genotypes at the native site of the Swedish population in three consecutive years. We quantified selection against the nonlocal Italian genotype, mapped quantitative trait loci (QTL) for fitness and its components, and quantified selection on timing of germination during different life stages. In all 3 years, the local Swedish genotype outperformed the nonlocal Italian genotype. However, both the contribution of early life stages to relative fitness, and the effects of fitness QTL varied among years. Timing of germination was under conflicting selection through seedling establishment vs. adult survival and fecundity, and both the direction and magnitude of net selection varied among years. Our results demonstrate that selection during early life stages and the genetic basis of fitness can vary markedly among years, emphasizing the need for multiyear studies considering the whole life cycle for a full understanding of natural selection and mechanisms maintaining local adaptation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Among‐year variation in selection during early life stages and the genetic basis of fitness in Arabidopsis thaliana

Postma

Ågren

2018

Molecular Ecology

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“…). In the Swedish source population, early germination is associated with high mortality at the seedling stage, but also with larger rosette size at the onset of winter, high winter survival, early flowering and high fecundity (Akiyama & Ågren ). An assessment of the overall fitness consequences of variation in dormancy QTL should thus consider effects across the whole life cycle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal environment affects the genetic basis of seed dormancy in Arabidopsis thaliana

2015

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The genetic basis of seed dormancy, a key life history trait important for adaptive evolution in plant populations, has yet been studied only using seeds produced under controlled conditions in greenhouse environments. However, dormancy is strongly affected by maternal environmental conditions, and interactions between seed genotype and maternal environment have been reported. Consequently, the genetic basis of dormancy of seeds produced under natural field conditions remains unclear. We examined the effect of maternal environment on the genetic architecture of seed dormancy using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between two locally adapted populations of Arabidopsis thaliana from Italy and Sweden. We mapped quantitative trait loci (QTL) for dormancy of seeds produced in the greenhouse and at the native field sites of the parental genotypes. The Italian genotype produced seeds with stronger dormancy at fruit maturation than did the Swedish genotype in all three environments, and the maternal field environments induced higher dormancy levels compared to the greenhouse environment in both genotypes. Across the three maternal environments, a total of nine dormancy QTL were detected, three of which were only detected among seeds matured in the field, and six of which showed significant QTL × maternal environment interactions. One QTL had a large effect on dormancy across all three environments and colocalized with the candidate gene DOG1. Our results demonstrate the importance of studying the genetic basis of putatively adaptive traits under relevant conditions.

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“…This design permitted a dissection of both the range of temperature‐dependent phenotypic plasticity possible within each ecotype as well as ecotypic differences between the two lines. These two ecotypes were chosen because they have been intensively studied and exhibit pronounced, significant differences in multiple features (Ågren & Schemske ; Akiyama & Ågren , ; Ågren et al . ; Cohu et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth temperature impact on leaf form and function in Arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes from northern and southern Europe

Stewart

Adams

Cohu

et al. 2016

Plant Cell & Environment

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The plasticity of leaf form and function in European lines of Arabidopsis thaliana was evaluated in ecotypes from Sweden and Italy grown under contrasting (cool versus hot) temperature regimes. Although both ecotypes exhibited acclimatory adjustments, the Swedish ecotype exhibited more pronounced responses to the two contrasting temperature regimes in several characterized features. These responses included thicker leaves with higher capacities for photosynthesis, likely facilitated by a greater number of phloem cells per minor vein for the active loading and export of sugars, when grown under cool temperature as opposed to leaves with a higher vein density and a greater number of tracheary elements per minor vein, likely facilitating higher rates of transpirational water loss (and thus evaporative cooling), when grown under hot temperature with high water availability. In addition, only the Swedish ecotype exhibited reduced rosette growth and greater levels of foliar tocopherols under the hot growth temperature. These responses, and the greater responsiveness of the Swedish ecotype compared with the Italian ecotype, are discussed in the context of redox signalling networks and transcription factors, and the greater range of environmental conditions experienced by the Swedish versus the Italian ecotype during the growing season in their native habitats.

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Conflicting selection on the timing of germination in a natural population of Arabidopsis thaliana

Cited by 36 publications

References 38 publications

Among‐year variation in selection during early life stages and the genetic basis of fitness in Arabidopsis thaliana

Among‐year variation in selection during early life stages and the genetic basis of fitness in Arabidopsis thaliana

Maternal environment affects the genetic basis of seed dormancy in Arabidopsis thaliana

Growth temperature impact on leaf form and function in Arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes from northern and southern Europe

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