Conditioning of the early behavioral response to apomorphine in the rotational model of Parkinson's disease

Burunat, Enrique; Castro, Rafael; Díaz-Palarea, M.D.; Rodrı́guez, Manuel

doi:10.1016/0014-2999(88)90436-0

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…A more conservative approach is well founded on a scientifi c basis whereby DART is reported to have a biphasic effect with a dose-dependant increase in activity but with suppression at relatively higher doses (Bucci , 1974 ;Willis et al , 1983 ;Castro et al , 1985 ;Asami et al , 1986 ;Stahle and Ungerstedt , 1987 ;Burunate et al , 1988 ;Arunasmitha et al , 1989 ;Messiha , 1989 ;Fredriksson et al , 1990 ). Confusion in treatment, however, seems to arise when symptoms such as tremor or bradykinesia are exacerbated by DART itself (Claveria et al , 1973 ;Critchley , 1976 ;Nutt et al , 1988 ;Togasaki et al , 2001 ;Hensman and Bain , 2006 ) but the routine resolution is to simply prescribe more DART.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

A historical justification for and retrospective analysis of the systematic application of light therapy in Parkinson’s disease

Willis¹,

Moore²,

Armstrong³

2012

Reviews in the Neurosciences

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For the past 40 years the primary purpose of therapeutics for Parkinson's disease (PD) has been to replace deficient dopamine (DA) in the nigrostriatal dopamine (NSD) system. Even in the presence of limited efficacy, abundant side effects and impoverished quality of life, the involvement of other systems in the aetiology and treatment of this disorder has been sorely neglected and the excessive use of DA replacement therapy (DART) continues on a global basis. Recent scientific work suggests that the retina plays a major role in NSD function and intimates light therapy in the management of PD. After a thorough review of historical evidence supporting this contention, a retrospective, open-label study on 129 PD patients, whereby they were monitored for a period extending for a few months to eight years, was carried out. Primary motor and non-motor symptoms were monitored using an objectified global rating scale and timed motor tests that were assessed at regular intervals for the duration of the study. Thirty-one patients with other neurological disorders (OND) served as controls to determine whether any therapeutic effects seen with light were generalizable across other conditions. Patients were classified as compliant (COM), semi-compliant (SCOM), or early quit (EQUIT; prematurely discontinued treatment). EQUIT patients showed deterioration, while the COM group improved on most parameters. The SCOM patients were not as good as the COM group. The OND group showed significant improvement in depression and insomnia, but exposure to light did not improve motor function. The total drug burden of PD patients maintained on light was less with fewer side effects than SCOM or EQUIT groups. These results confirm the value of the strategic application of light therapy with controlled doses of DART in PD and warrants further controlled investigation. That the symptomatic improvement continued as long patients remained in the program suggests that exposure to light, under a strict daily regimen, combined with controlled DART, actively slows or arrests the progressive degenerative process underlying PD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

A historical justification for and retrospective analysis of the systematic application of light therapy in Parkinson’s disease

Willis¹,

Moore²,

Armstrong³

2012

Reviews in the Neurosciences

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“…The animals were lesioned using a previously reported procedure 27, 28. The rats were anaesthetized (80 mg/kg of ketamine + 12 mg/kg of xylazine, i.p.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dopaminergic cell degeneration on electrophysiological characteristics and GAD65/GAD67 expression in the substantia nigra: Different action on GABA cell subpopulations

et al. 2002

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The motor disturbances occurring in Parkinson's disease have been partially attributed to a hyperactivity of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic nigral cells largely in the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) secondary to the degeneration of dopaminergic nigrostriatal neurons. However, some aspects of this response remain unclear. In this work, different electrophysiological and neurochemical parameters were studied in GABAergic cells of the SN after unilateral nigrostriatal dopaminergic lesion using 6-hydroxydopamine injection in rats. Our data showed that 1) the SN under normal conditions contains different subsets of GABAergic cells according to their firing pattern and glutamic acid decarboxylase mRNA levels, and 2) the response of these GABAergic cell subgroups was different after the ipsi- and contralateral dopaminergic cell degeneration. These findings indicate a complex regulation of nigral GABAergic activity after nigrostriatal dopaminergic degeneration that probably involves local mechanisms, the nigro-striato-nigral loop, as well as interhemispheric mechanisms whose anatomical basis remains unstudied.

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“…The stereotaxic surgery procedure and the biochemical data used to show the extent of the lesion were described earlier. [10][11][12] Briefly, 6-OHDA was injected with a 5 L syringe (Hamilton Co., Reno, NV, USA) and a cannula with a 0.4 mm outside diameter. Injection coordinates were 4.0 mm anterior to lambda, 1.6 mm to the right of the midline, and 8 mm below the dura for the first injection and 4.6 mm anterior to lambda, 1.4 mm to the right of the midline, and 8 mm below the dura for the second injection.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We identified reticulata cells responding with excitation or inhibition to striatal stimulation and none of them significantly changed their firing rate after 6-OHDA lesion. It is also possible that these inconsistencies could be induced by the apomorphine injected to verify the dopaminergic lesion, an explanation suggested by the persistent behavioral 10,11 and biochemical 41,42 effect observed after apomorphine administration. On the other hand, increased bursting activity of the SNr has been encountered in most studies following 6-OHDA lesion.…”

Section: Sn Neurons Have Been Classified Into Two Groups Dopaminergimentioning

confidence: 99%

Excitatory responses in the ?direct? striatonigral pathway: Effect of nigrostriatal lesion

2000

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Conditioning of the early behavioral response to apomorphine in the rotational model of Parkinson's disease

Cited by 19 publications

References 16 publications

A historical justification for and retrospective analysis of the systematic application of light therapy in Parkinson’s disease

A historical justification for and retrospective analysis of the systematic application of light therapy in Parkinson’s disease

Effects of dopaminergic cell degeneration on electrophysiological characteristics and GAD65/GAD67 expression in the substantia nigra: Different action on GABA cell subpopulations

Excitatory responses in the ?direct? striatonigral pathway: Effect of nigrostriatal lesion

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