Concurrent elicitation of hedonic and CATA/RATA responses with Chinese and Korean consumers: Hedonic bias is unlikely to occur

Jaeger, Sara R.; Kim, Kwang-Ok; Lee, S.M.; Hunter, Denise C.; Kam, Karrie; Chheang, Sok L.; Jin, David; Lee, Pui-Yee; Xia, Yiming; Ares, Gastón

doi:10.1016/j.foodqual.2016.10.005

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…With regard to task perceptions, the average scores indicated that participants perceived the tasks as easy and not tedious, regardless of the experimental treatment (Table 5). This fits with past research Jaeger et al, 2017;Jaeger & Ares, 2014;King & Jaeger, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…With regard to RQ2, it, therefore, appears that interaction between samples and terms, and possibly also product category may exist. This warrants further systematic investigations, and if confirmed points to a level of complexity that has not been adequately addressed in previous research (Jaeger et al, 2013(Jaeger et al, , 2017Jaeger & Ares, 2014), but should be T A B L E 5 Summary of results for the comparison of task perceptions for consumers completing either: (a) a hedonic task (EC = H), (b) a hedonic task immediately followed by a CATA question (EC = H + CATA), or (c) a hedonic task immediately followed by applicability ratings for sensory terms on 10 cm unstructured line scales (EC = H + R-APP) 6.4 (1.0) 6.3 (1.0)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…hedonic bias can occur but may not (Jaeger et al, 2013(Jaeger et al, , 2017Jaeger & Ares, 2014;Mela, 1989;Popper et al, 2004;Prescott et al, 2011;Vickers et al, 1993). Only in two of five studies was the overall hedonic response different for EC = H and EC = H + CATA (Table 3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Risk of hedonic bias in sensory co‐elicitations: Comparison of CATA questions and applicability ratings

Jaeger

Jin

Roigard

et al. 2020

Journal of Sensory Studies

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Co-elicitation of hedonic responses and sensory responses is now common. Against this background, this research compared the risk of hedonic bias from sensory checkall-that-apply (CATA) questions and sensory term ratings from unstructured line scales (RQ1) and evaluated if the risk of hedonic bias is independent of the sensory terms of the CATA question (RQ2). Seven studies with 137-293 participants each were conducted, using different product categories. Between-subjects experimental designs were used and allocated consumers to one experimental condition (EC). For RQ1, these were hedonic, hedonic immediately followed by a CATA question, and hedonic immediately followed by a rating of term applicability ("not at all" to "extremely"). In RQ2, both ECs involved hedonic ratings followed by a CATA question, but the sensory terms differed. Results showed a significant effect of EC on hedonic ratings in three of five studies for RQ1, suggesting that hedonic bias may or may not occur. For RQ2, the terms of the CATA question influenced hedonic ratings in two of three studies, and a negative hedonic effect was seen when CATA terms drew attention to particular characteristics of individual samples. Collectively, the results suggest that likelihood of bias depends on interactions between product category, samples, and terms. Practical applications Results from the present work suggest that hedonic bias in sensory co-elicitations using CATA questions and scales may occur depending on the type of sensory attributes considered in the study. The consideration of terms that trigger attention to specific sensory attributes of the samples may lead to changes in hedonic ratings. Rating scales appear more likely to be associated with hedonic bias compared to CATA questions due to their more analytic approach to sample evaluation. 1 | INTRODUCTION It used to be common practice in product tests that consumers would only give hedonic responses. Sensory product perceptions were regarded as too difficult, but many papers have now shown that such data can be elicited from consumers, especially if check-all-that-apply (CATA) questions are used (Ares & Jaeger, 2015; Ares & Varela, 2017). These are regarded as easier than rating scales because they only require consumers to indicate if they regard the sensory terms to apply, or not, to individual samples. Past methodological research has shown that inclusion of sensory CATA questions in product tests are unlikely to bias hedonic responses

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

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Risk of hedonic bias in sensory co‐elicitations: Comparison of CATA questions and applicability ratings

Jaeger

Jin

Roigard

et al. 2020

Journal of Sensory Studies

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“…However, it has always been known that consumer sensory tests are subjective, as they are based on the participants' previous experiences 9–11 . From previous studies, differences between cultures in the use of hedonic scales have been found, with Asians being more polite and avoiding extremes even though they liked or disliked the product extremely 12–16 . To avoid this situation, biometric responses of the panellists can be measured and used to obtain accurate food sensory perception data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon supplementation improves the nutritional and sensory characteristics of lentil seeds obtained from drought‐stressed plants

et al. 2020

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BACKGROUND Lentil is an important nutritionally rich pulse crop in the world. Despite having a prominent role in human health and nutrition, it is very unfortunate that global lentil production is adversely limited by drought stress, causing a huge decline in yield and productivity. Drought stress can also affect the nutritional profile of seeds. Silicon (Si) is an essential element for plants and a general component of the human diet found mainly in plant‐based foods. This study investigated the effects of Si on nutritional and sensory properties of seeds obtained from lentil plants grown in an Si‐supplied drought‐stressed environment. RESULTS Significant enhancements in the concentration of nutrients (protein, carbohydrate, dietary fibre, Si) and antioxidants (ascorbate, phenol, flavonoids, total antioxidants) were found in seeds. Significant reductions in antinutrients (trypsin inhibitor, phytic acid, tannin) were also recorded. A novel sensory analysis was implemented in this study to evaluate the unconscious and conscious responses of consumers. Biometrics were integrated with a traditional sensory questionnaire to gather consumers responses. Significant positive correlations (R = 0.6–1) were observed between sensory responses and nutritional properties of seeds. Seeds from Si‐treated drought‐stressed plants showed higher acceptability scores among consumers. CONCLUSION The results demonstrated that Si supplementation can improve the nutritional and sensory properties of seeds. This study offers an innovative approach in sensory analysis coupled with biometrics to accurately assess a consumer's preference towards tested samples. In the future, the results of this study will help in making a predictive model for sensory traits and nutritional components in seeds using machine‐learning modelling techniques. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry

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“…We base this expectation on the fundamental difference between liking and situational appropriateness; the former is idiosyncratic and purely affective (Ares & Vidal, 2019), while appropriateness is formed through accumulated experience and shaped by cultural and societal norms (Marshall, 1993;Rozin, 2006). This defining characteristic of situational appropriateness also explains why similar comparisons involving sensory product perceptions measured by check-all-that-apply (CATA) questions (CATA vs. H + CATA) show little evidence of bias of the sensory responses Jaeger et al, 2017;Jaeger & Ares, 2014). They are perceptual rather than cognitively based and culturally learned responses.…”

Section: Research Question and Empirical Overviewmentioning

confidence: 97%

Examination of effects on situational appropriateness when co‐elicited with hedonic product responses

Jaeger

Vidal

Swaney‐Stueve

et al. 2020

Journal of Sensory Studies

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The present research examined the effect of co-eliciting situational appropriateness with hedonic product responses. This contributed methodological insight regarding the use of the item-by-use (IBU) approach in product research with consumers. The research involved 9 consumer studies (105 to 289 consumers per study). In each study, participants were randomly divided into two groups. One of the groups evaluated samples for situational appropriateness only, whereas the other group evaluated hedonic responses and situational appropriateness. Five studies elicited IBU responses using check-all-that-apply (CATA) questions and four studies used 7-pt rating scales. The inclusion of the hedonic question introduced significant changes in IBU responses in eight of the nine studies. When effects were established, they were largely systematic in the sense of reducing term frequency/average ratings of the focal situational uses. That is, a given situational use would generally be evaluated as less appropriate under co-elicitation (H + IBU) than when situational appropriateness was measured alone (IBU only). The effect was larger for CATA questions and mirrors previous research on hedonic and sensory co-elicitation. The most likely explanation is that the inclusion of a hedonic question reduces participants' cognitive effort when completing the CATA questions. Practical Implications Situational appropriateness is often positioned as an adjunct to hedonic responses rather than the main focus of a study, and as such co-elicitation of these two types of responses are common. In this research, situational appropriateness data (as itemby-use [IBU]) were elicited with and without hedonic scores (H + IBU vs. IBU only). It was found that when co-elicitation alters the situational responses, the effect on the IBU data was, in most cases, minor and without large practical relevance. 1 | INTRODUCTION 1.1 | Background and motivation for the research Situational appropriateness represents the degree of fit between products and use situations, and helps to explain why certain foods, despite being well-liked, are rarely eaten in the mornings (e.g., lamb chops) or at dinner-time (e.g., cereal) (e.g., Schutz, 1988). For decades, there has been a small but steady interest in situational appropriate

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Concurrent elicitation of hedonic and CATA/RATA responses with Chinese and Korean consumers: Hedonic bias is unlikely to occur

Cited by 23 publications

References 33 publications

Risk of hedonic bias in sensory co‐elicitations: Comparison of CATA questions and applicability ratings

Risk of hedonic bias in sensory co‐elicitations: Comparison of CATA questions and applicability ratings

Silicon supplementation improves the nutritional and sensory characteristics of lentil seeds obtained from drought‐stressed plants

Examination of effects on situational appropriateness when co‐elicited with hedonic product responses

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