Concentration of polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in some edible fish species from the Shadegan Marshes (Iran)

Ecological Risk Assessment of Agricultural Pesticides throughout the Shadegan Wetland, Iran

“…(LC 50 -half lethal concentration for the 50% of the population of tested species) of pesticide (i) LC 50 or EC 50 was estimated quantitatively from pesticide action network (PAN) pesticide database or (Mun et al, 2001;Hela et al, 2005;Davodi et al, 2010).…”

“…Shadegan wetland according to Ramsar convention is an international wetland covers almost 400000 ha about 296000 ha were established as a wildlife refuge that surrounds the main wetland area. Major point sources of contamination in this area includes fertilizers, herbicides and pesticides of sugarcane plant and agricultural lands in northwestern of freshwater marsh and non-point sources consist of hazardous substances particles from refineries and Mahshahr, Bandar imam and Abadan chemical and petrochemical factories (Davodi et al, 2010). Shadegan wetland possesses different ecosystems, especially, fresh, brackish and salt waters.…”

“…in insect category and Barbus grypus, Barbus sharpeyi and Barbus luteus were selected in fish category. Most data were obtained from the pesticide action network (PAN) pesticide database (www.pesticideinfo.org), pesticide toxicity index for fresh water aquatic organisms (Munn et al, 2001) and others were from literature validated toxicological data (Hela et al, 2005;Davodi et al, 2010). Toxicant reference values of different selected species in shadegan wetland are presented in Table 2.…”

“…Different studies have been carried out in shadegan wetland to assess the pedological, climatological, hydrological, biological and ecological parameters (Fisheries Research Center, 1996;Lotfi et al, 2002). Survey of the chemical pesticides in the aquatic species of shadegan wetland indicates different level of residues (Arzi et al, 1999;Davodi et al, 2010;Arzi, A, 2010). For instance, (Davodi et al, 2010) showed that in all samples of fishes organochlorine pesticides were found higher concentrations than polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), But ecological risk assessment studies has not done in this case.…”

“…Survey of the chemical pesticides in the aquatic species of shadegan wetland indicates different level of residues (Arzi et al, 1999;Davodi et al, 2010;Arzi, A, 2010). For instance, (Davodi et al, 2010) showed that in all samples of fishes organochlorine pesticides were found higher concentrations than polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), But ecological risk assessment studies has not done in this case. There is growing urgency to assess the ecological risk in shadegan wetland.…”