Comunidade de abelhas euglossina (Hymenoptera: Apidae) em remanescentes de mata estacional semidecidual sobre tabuleiro no estado do Rio de Janeiro

Abstract

-This work aimed at describing and analyzing structural and temporal parameters of communities of Euglossina in remnants of lowland forest on tertiary tabuleiro in the north Rio de Janeiro state in areas with different conservation status and anthropic infl uences. Chemical bait traps were installed from November/04 to November/05, from 8 am to 3 pm, in two sub-areas (burned and preserved) of Mata do Carvão (1053 ha) and Mata do Funil (135 ha). We collected 2,060 individuals of 11 species distributed in three genera in the burned sub-area, 894 individuals of nine species and three genera in the preserved sub-area and 1,115 individuals of 10 species distributed in four genera in Mata do Funil. The composition of species did not differ among the areas (MRPP, A = -0.015; P = 0.71). The diversity (H') obtained in the sub-area burned (H' = 1.14) and preserved (H' = 1.12) was signifi cantly higher than that described for Mata do Funil (H' = 0.98). Two peaks of abundance were observed, the larger one in the dry season. Great dominance of Euglosssa cordata (L.) (d = 0, 54) was observed in the sub-area burned and of Eulaema nigrita Lepeletier (d = 0, 55) in Mata do Funil; both species were favored for open or disturbed environments. The smaller fragment presented the lowest value of diversity, suggesting the effect of the lost of area on the community of Euglossina. Moreover, disturbed areas (burned) can be benefi ted if in connection with areas in better preservation condition.KEY WORDS: Semidecidual forest, chemical bait, forest fragmentation, Euglossine RESUMO -O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever e analisar os parâmetros estruturais e temporais de comunidades de abelhas Euglossina em fragmentos de mata de tabuleiro terciário no norte fl uminense, sob diferentes estados de conservação e interferência antrópica. Foram instaladas armadilhas com iscas-aromáticas, de novembro/04 a novembro/05, das 8:00h às 15:00h, em duas subáreas (queimada e preservada) na Mata do Carvão (1.053 ha) e na Mata do Funil (135 ha). Foram amostrados 2.060 espécimes de três gêneros e 11 espécies na subárea queimada, 894 espécimes de três gêneros e nove espécies na subárea preservada e 1.115 espécimes de quatro gêneros e 10 espécies na Mata do Funil. A composição das espécies não diferiu signifi cativamente entre as áreas (MRPP, A = -0,015; P = 0,71). A diversidade (H') obtida nas subáreas queimada (H' = 1,14) e preservada (H' = 1,12) foi signifi cativamente maior do que a encontrada na Mata do Funil (H' = 0,98). Dois picos de abundância foram observados, sendo o maior na estação seca. Houve grande dominância de Euglossa cordata (L.) (d = 0,54) na subárea queimada e de Eulaema nigrita Lepeletier (d = 0,55) na Mata do Funil, espécies favorecidas por ambientes perturbados. O menor fragmento apresentou o menor valor de diversidade, sugerindo o efeito da perda de área sobre a comunidade de Euglossina. Além disso, áreas fortemente perturbadas (como a subárea queimada) podem ser benefi ciadas se em conexão com áreas de melhor estado de pre...

Is the “Centro de Endemismo Pernambuco” a biodiversity hotspot for orchid bees?

“…Although some authors (Aguiar andGaglianone, 2008, 2011) insist that bait traps may be an efficient sampling method, there is now a growing body of evidence to contradict it in different parts of the Neotropics (see Morato, 2004, 2006;Mattozo et al, 2011; this study). When both methodologies are used simultaneously, the commonly used bait traps are always less efficient than active collecting with insect nets Morato, 2004, 2006;Mattozo et al, 2011;this study).…”

“…Roubik, 2004b;Oliveira, 2006;Rasmussen and Skov, 2006;Nemésio, 2006Nemésio, , 2007Nemésio, , 2008Nemésio, , 2009Nemésio, , 2010aNemésio, , 2011bNemésio, , c, d, 2012aAyala and Engel, 2008;Bembé, 2008;Hinojosa-Díaz and Engel, 2011a, b;Hinojosa-Díaz et al, 2011Nemésio and Engel, 2012), faunistic and ecological studies in the last decade have been mainly focused on the Atlantic Forest of eastern Brazil (e.g. Bezerra and Martins, 2001;Tonhasca Júnior et al, 2002;Santos and Sofia, 2002;Martins and Souza, 2005;MiletPinheiro and Schlindwein 2005;Darrault et al, 2006;Nemésio and Silveira, 2006b, 2007a, 2010Farias et al, 2007;Farias et al 2008;Aguiar andGaglianone, 2008, 2011;Moura and Schlindwein, 2009;Nemésio, 2010bNemésio, , 2011aNemésio, , b, e, 2012cMattozo et al, 2011;Cordeiro et al, 2013;Nemésio and Vasconcelos, 2013), although a few studies have also been conducted in the Amazon Morato, 2004, 2006;StorckTonon et al, 2009;Rasmussen, 2009;Abrahamczyk et al, 2011;Nemésio et al, 2014).…”

The orchid bee fauna (Hymenoptera, Apidae) of a core area of the Cerrado, Brazil: the role of riparian forests as corridors for forest-associated bees

“…nigrita and Eg. cordata, are known to be tolerants to both forest borders and disturbed environments (see Nemésio & Silveira 2006a, 2007a, Aguiar & Gaglianone 2008, Milet-Pinheiro & Schlindwein 2005 and, thus, their presence in the two environments here studied is not surprising. The dominance of El.…”

Habitat Fragmentation Effects on the Orchid Bee Communities in Remnant Forests of Southeastern Brazil

“…The Euglossini male bees were sampled using odorbaited traps similar to those used by others (Campos et al 1989, Becker et al 1991, Morato 1994, Oliveira & Campos 1995, Bezerra & Martins 2001, Souza et al 2005, Nemésio & Morato 2006, Aguiar & Gaglianone 2008, Ramalho et al 2009, Storck-Tonon et al 2009. Although the sampling technique for male euglossine using insect net has been proven to be more effective than the use of traps Morato 2006, Storck-Tonon et al 2009), some studies have shown that the fauna of euglossine bees may vary over short distances (Becker et al 1991), and, consequently, a single collection station could not be regarded as sufficient to represent the habitat and the area in which it was performed (Armbruster 1993).…”