Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings of a Malignant Hepatic Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma

Baek, Soo-heui; Yoon, Junghee

doi:10.1177/2324709613504549

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…One study reported that 50% of the patients survived more than 5 years without any treatment, and the presence of metastasis did not prolong or shorten the survival rate[ 68 ]. Still, in other studies, successful hepatectomy or LT was shown to promote long-term survival[ 3 , 69 ], with 1- and 3-year disease-free survival rates of 83.3% and 44.4% after hepatectomy, respectively, as well as 1- and 5-year survival rates of 100% and 75%, respectively. The corresponding 1- and 5-year survival rates after LT were 96% and 54.5%, respectively[ 70 ], which were lower than those after hepatectomy due to the presence of multiple tumors or infiltrated foci in these cases.…”

Section: Prognosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma: Update on diagnosis and therapy

Kou

Chen

Zhou

et al. 2020

WJCC

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With an estimated incidence of only 1-2 cases in every 1 million people, hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (HEHE) is a rare vascular endothelial cell tumor occurring in the liver and consisting of epithelioid and histiocyte-like vascular endothelial cells in mucus or a fibrotic matrix. HEHE is characterized as a low-to-moderate grade malignant tumor and is classified into three types: solitary, multiple, and diffuse. Both the etiology and characteristic clinical manifestations of HEHE are unclear. However, HEHE has a characteristic appearance on imaging including ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography/computerized tomography. Still, its diagnosis depends mainly on pathological findings, with immunohistochemical detection of endothelial markers cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31), CD34, CD10, vimentin, and factor VIII antigen as the basis of diagnosis. Hepatectomy and/or liver transplantation are the first choice for treatment, but various chemotherapeutic drugs are reportedly effective, providing a promising treatment option. In this review, we summarize the literature related to the diagnosis and treatment of HEHE, which provides future perspectives for the clinical management of HEHE.

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Section: Prognosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma: Update on diagnosis and therapy

Kou

Chen

Zhou

et al. 2020

WJCC

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“…Overall, despite a lack of concrete guidelines regarding management, HEHE has a relatively good prognosis compared to other malignant tumors of the liver, with one study observing that metastasis did not appear to shorten the survival rate [ 14 ]. Other studies, however, have found interventions such as hepatectomy and liver transplantation to promote long-term survival [ 8 , 15 ]. Regardless, the presence of extrahepatic malignancy or metastasis, as seen in our patient, remains an absolute contraindication for liver transplantation [ 16 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatic Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma With Unique Metastasis to the Superior Vena Cava Found on CT Imaging: A Case Study

Bisbee¹,

Burstiner²,

Natcheva³

2022

Cureus

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Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (HEHE) is a rare malignant tumor of vascular origin. Classically, HEHE is typically associated with imaging demonstrating multifocal heterogeneously enhancing hepatic nodules and histologic examination revealing mixed epithelioid and dendritic cells in a proliferative fibrous stromal background. While generally described as a low-to-intermediate grade indolent tumor, it is essential to establish the presence or absence of extrahepatic spread when considering transplant candidacy. We describe one case study in which a transplant was denied to a unique metastatic pattern of HEHE to the superior vena cava. This is a previously unreported location of metastasis of HEHE and may serve to broaden our current understanding of potential metastatic sites for this disease.

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“…Las características más resaltantes a la evaluación por TC no contrastada (14) comprenden imágenes nodulares hipodensas (focos de atenuación disminuida, por la presencia de estroma mixoide, del parénquima hepático normal) coalescentes de ubicación periférica (en más del 75% de casos), con retracción de la cápsula (por fibrosis circundante e isquemia). El tamaño es variable, desde pequeños nódulos hasta grandes masas confluentes, algunas puedan presentar calcificaciones en su interior.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Hemangioendotelioma epitelioide hepático de presentación como lesión focal incidental única: reporte de caso

et al. 2018

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El hemangioendotelioma epitelioide hepático (HEH) es un tumor vascular maligno poco frecuente, de origen endotelial, de lenta progresión y de bajo grado de malignidad. Suele presentarse con mayor compromiso en mujeres, sin una etiología conocida. La clínica es variable, desde casos asintomáticos hasta dolor abdominal. Las características imagenológicas más frecuentes son lesiones nodulares hepáticas coalescentes, de tamaño variable, que muestran apariencia de “lesión en diana” en tomografía computarizada (TC) y resonancia magnética (RM), con retracción capsular. El principal diagnóstico diferencial son las metástasis hepáticas. El curso evolutivo es variable e imprevisible, con una mortalidad posterior al diagnóstico de hasta el 50% de los pacientes. Las modalidades terapeúticas incluyen la extirpación quirúrgica de la lesión y el trasplante hepático como opciones más útiles, además de la quimioterapia regional/sistémica y tratamiento inmunológico. El presente caso describe las principales características clínico-patológicas de este raro tumor, con la particularidad de su forma de presentación como lesión focal incidental única, además de la modalidad terapéutica utilizada (extirpación quirúrgica) en este tipo de lesión.

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Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings of a Malignant Hepatic Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma

Cited by 6 publications

References 14 publications

Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma: Update on diagnosis and therapy

Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma: Update on diagnosis and therapy

Hepatic Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma With Unique Metastasis to the Superior Vena Cava Found on CT Imaging: A Case Study

Hemangioendotelioma epitelioide hepático de presentación como lesión focal incidental única: reporte de caso

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