Compression Garments Reduce Muscle Movement and Activation during Submaximal Running

Broatch, James R.; Brophy-Williams, Ned; Phillips, Elissa; O’Bryan, Steven J.; Halson, Shona L.; Barnes, Shannon; Bishop, David J.

doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000002182

Cited by 21 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Their results showed that, while compression shorts did not affect muscle strength acutely, it did reduce the EMG activities and maintained similar power output during repetitive muscle contractions. These results are supported by a recent study from Broatch et al (2019). Thus, we can speculate that reduced motor unit activation might represent a lower metabolic cost at the molecular level.…”

Section: Metabolism Muscle Function and Mechanical Performancesupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Currently, the relevance of the physiology and biomechanics in fatigue and recovery remains unclear. CGs reduce muscle vibration and activation without affecting performance ( Fu et al, 2012 , 2015 ; Broatch et al, 2019 ). Researchers suggested that, for forms of movements that require frequent and repetitive muscle contractions, reduced muscle activation can improve contraction efficiency and decrease energy loss and muscle fatigue.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nowadays, high-tech compression garments (CGs) (e.g., compression clothes, shorts, and socks) are becoming increasingly popular among sports elites and enthusiasts. Meanwhile, the physiological benefits of CGs in enhancing athletic performance have been widely recognized, i.e., improvement of fatigue recovery ( Brown et al, 2017 ), promotion of blood flow ( Privett et al, 2010 ), regulation of blood lactate and creatine kinase levels ( Kim et al, 2017 ), and the enhancement of muscle functions (e.g., reducing muscle vibrations and activation) ( Broatch et al, 2019 ). Aside from the aforementioned advantages, CGs have also been commonly used and have shown potential benefits in winter racing sports ( Sperlich et al, 2013 ; Chowdhury et al, 2015 ; Moon et al, 2016 ), including speed skating, short-track speed skating, alpine skiing, cross-country skiing, bobsleigh, luge, and skeleton.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effectiveness of Using Compression Garments in Winter Racing Sports: A Narrative Review

Yang¹,

Xu²,

Yang³

et al. 2020

Front. Physiol.

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Nowadays, compression garments (CGs) are widely used in winter racing sports, such as speed skating, short-track speed skating, alpine skiing, and crosscountry skiing. However, the effect of wearing CGs on athletic performance in these specific sports is still not fully examined. Thus, the aim of this narrative review is to summarize the research and application of CGs in winter racing sports and to discuss how the CGs help athletes improve their performance in an integrative manner (i.e., physiology, aerodynamics, and biomechanics). A total of 18 experimental studies dedicated to CGs in winter racing sports were identified from the peer-review scientific literature. The main findings are as follows. (1) Currently, CG studies have mainly focused on drag reduction, metabolism, muscle function, strength performance, and fatigue recovery. (2) The results of most studies conducted in wind tunnels showed that, for cylindrical structures similar to the human body, clothing with rough surfaces can reduce air drag. Notably, the effect of CGs on drag reduction in real competition has not been fully explored in the literature. (3) Compression can reduce muscle vibrations at high impact and help athletes control the center of pressure movement, a function that is important for alpine skiing. Future studies are needed to improve current understanding of the effects of compression clothing microstructure on drag reduction and their stretching in different parts of the body. Furthermore, the design of experimental protocol must be consistent with those during the competition, thus providing a full discussion on energy metabolism, fatigue, and recovery affected by CGs.

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Section: Metabolism Muscle Function and Mechanical Performancesupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effectiveness of Using Compression Garments in Winter Racing Sports: A Narrative Review

Yang¹,

Xu²,

Yang³

et al. 2020

Front. Physiol.

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“…Ehrström et al [ 15 ] showed that wearing high-pressure compression garments (15–20 mmHg) during 40-min treadmill DR (slope: − 15%; intensity: 55% ) likely presented benefits for reducing alterations in the peripheral and central components of neuromuscular fatigue (for KE muscles) immediately after DR, in well-trained trail runners. The beneficial effects of CGs may be explained by an attenuation of soft-tissue vibrations which might improve muscle function [ 238 ], accompanied by lower muscle activity during exercise [ 15 , 239 ]. Ehrström et al [ 15 ] suggested that wearing CGs may exert ‘dynamic immobilization’, reducing soft-tissue oscillation and improving joint stability, and in turn, enhancing neural input [ 240 , 241 ].…”

Section: Adaptation Strategies To Downhill Runningmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, since soccer players were not accustomed to DR, this raises the question of the extent of the protective effect conferred by CGs in trained athletes used to running on DR sections. In addition, CGs might contribute to enhanced post-exercise muscle recovery [ 15 , 239 ]. A greater mechanical protective effect was also observed during the recovery period in KE compared to PF muscles only when athletes wore CGs during DR.…”

Section: Adaptation Strategies To Downhill Runningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Downhill Running: What Are The Effects and How Can We Adapt? A Narrative Review

et al. 2020

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Downhill running (DR) is a whole-body exercise model that is used to investigate the physiological consequences of eccentric muscle actions and/or exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD). In a sporting context, DR sections can be part of running disciplines (off-road and road running) and can accentuate EIMD, leading to a reduction in performance. The purpose of this narrative review is to: (1) better inform on the acute and delayed physiological effects of DR; (2) identify and discuss, using a comprehensive approach, the DR characteristics that affect the physiological responses to DR and their potential interactions; (3) provide the current state of evidence on preventive and in-situ strategies to better adapt to DR. Key findings of this review show that DR may have an impact on exercise performance by altering muscle structure and function due to EIMD. In the majority of studies, EIMD are assessed through isometric maximal voluntary contraction, blood creatine kinase and delayed onset muscle soreness, with DR characteristics (slope, exercise duration, and running speed) acting as the main influencing factors. In previous studies, the median (25th percentile, Q1; 75th percentile, Q3) slope, exercise duration, and running speed were − 12% (− 15%; − 10%), 40 min (30 min; 45 min) and 11.3 km h−1 (9.8 km h−1; 12.9 km h−1), respectively. Regardless of DR characteristics, people the least accustomed to DR generally experienced the most EIMD. There is growing evidence to suggest that preventive strategies that consist of prior exposure to DR are the most effective to better tolerate DR. The effectiveness of in-situ strategies such as lower limb compression garments and specific footwear remains to be confirmed. Our review finally highlights important discrepancies between studies in the assessment of EIMD, DR protocols and populations, which prevent drawing firm conclusions on factors that most influence the response to DR, and adaptive strategies to DR.

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Myoelectric Activity of the Upper Limb with and Without Compression Garment When Throwing and Receiving a Ball

Amaro,

Cruz,

Maranha

et al. 2023

Lecture Notes in Bioengineering

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Compression Garments Reduce Muscle Movement and Activation during Submaximal Running

Cited by 21 publications

References 40 publications

Effectiveness of Using Compression Garments in Winter Racing Sports: A Narrative Review

Effectiveness of Using Compression Garments in Winter Racing Sports: A Narrative Review

Downhill Running: What Are The Effects and How Can We Adapt? A Narrative Review

Myoelectric Activity of the Upper Limb with and Without Compression Garment When Throwing and Receiving a Ball

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