Comprehensive Literature Reviews on Ground Plane Checking for the Visually Impaired

A Smart Real-Time Standalone Route Recognition System for Visually Impaired Persons

“…The performance of the algorithm used to develop the pedestrian route network, search and construct paths from the route network was evaluated to measure the search algorithm complexity using Big-O-Notation. Also, the system's ability to guide users through the correct route to a chosen node was evaluated using accuracy measured in percentage as shown in Equation (3).…”

“…World Health Organization (WHO) estimated about 253 million human beings living with imaginative and prescient impairment, at which 36 million of them are blind [2]. Besides that, WHO envisioned that the range of people with vision impairment may grow to triple because of the boom and aging of the population [3]. This could also increase the need for assistive devices for visually impaired.…”

“…The choice-making of the visually impaired is regularly supported with the aid of the external help provided via white canes, trained guide dogs, human partner, or clever electronic devices [5]. The conventional aids such as white canes and trained dogs have been shown to help daily navigation for many in the vision impaired categories [3]. However, these conventional aids are restricted within the assistance they render, especially in presenting full statistics of the surrounding location to support a secure journey.…”

Indoor Navigation Systems for Visually Impaired Persons: Mapping the Features of Existing Technologies to User Needs

“…While some authors choose to set their main focus on reviewing various solutions addressing the components of navigation process (for instance, obstacle detection and avoidance [11,12]), the others take a more holistic approach and assess the pros and cons of assistive technology for navigating in unknown surroundings [13,14]. Solutions tailored to function in very restrictive settings, tests lacking robustness, and the limited involvement of end users were emphasized as major limitations of the existing ETA research initiatives [11,12]. A tradeoff between the accuracy and costs of developing and deploying an indoor navigation solution was highlighted as a limiting factor after a thorough review of various technologies.…”

“…Wi-Fi was pointed out as the most economically feasible alternative as long as the users can tolerate lower accuracy [15]. The aforementioned reviews provide indications for general research directions in the field; however, these trends are often limited to the insights and assumptions made by the academics and often underestimate the feedback and needs of end users [11,12].…”