Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index and Plasma Levels of Soluble Klotho: Insights from NHANES

Abstract

Objectives. The association between dietary antioxidants and soluble Klotho (S-Klotho) levels remains unknown. We investigated to explore whether the composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI) was associated with serum levels of S-Klotho in the middle-aged population. Methods. Eligible participants were identified from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) from 2007 until 2016. The CDAI was calculated from the intake of six dietary antioxidants. The serum levels of S-Klotho were measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Generalized linear and nonlinear models were established to analyze the relationship between CDAI and S-Klotho levels. Results. Based on the S-Klotho quartiles, S-Klotho levels were higher in young women, Blacks, higher education, never smokers, lower waistlines, no medication use, and those with higher CDAI. Univariate analysis revealed that age, gender, race, smoking status, body mass index, waistline, and medication use were associated with serum levels of S-Klotho. When potential confounders were controlled, CDAI was significantly associated with S-Klotho levels. Subgroup analysis also revealed that this association remained significant in individuals who had the highest quartiles of CDAI, aged population (>60 years), male, and never smoker. A nonlinear relationship was observed between the CDAI and S-Klotho plasma concentrations. Conclusion. CDAI was positively correlated with plasma levels of S-Klotho after controlling for covariates. Further studies are needed to validate the current findings and explore the fundamental mechanisms.

Associations between composite dietary antioxidant index and estimated 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk among U.S. adults

“…Proper intake of antioxidants through food could keep our immune system in an optimal antioxidant state ( 23 ). In line with this, a recent study by He et al suggested that high plasma antioxidant level might protect people against age-related diseases ( 24 ). Furthermore, growing research studies demonstrate that oxidative stress is closely related to cardiovascular disease and that total dietary antioxidant capacity (TDAC) is negatively associated with markers of inflammation such as C-reactive protein (CRP), platelet-activating factor (PAF), and adiponectin concentration ( 25–27 ).…”

Association between the composite dietary antioxidant index and chronic kidney disease: evidence from NHANES 2011–2018

“…These results are consistent with those of previous studies. 6,8 Although the specific reasons for this finding are unclear, it may be because these individuals have higher levels of oxidative stress, and exogenous antioxidant intake appears to be more protective in those with higher innate or acquired ROS-levels. 34 Our results suggest that people at high risk of CKD may benefit more from overall dietary antioxidant intake.…”

“…4 Previous studies reported that a high CDAI is associated with a reduced risk of various types of cancer and diabetes and positively correlated with the plasma levels of S-Klotho, an anti-aging indicator. [4][5][6][7][8] A high CDAI is associated with a decreased risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. 5 Oxidative stress is correlated with renal damage; however, the relationship between the inflammatory indicator CDAI and CKD remains unclear.…”

Relationship between oxidative balance score and serum Klotho concentrations in adults aged 40-79 years

“…Furthermore, a previous study reported that Klotho contributes to the protection of the heart from ischemia/reperfusion injury and oxidative stress by inhibiting the IGF1R/PI3K/AKT pathway may be considered as a novel cardiopreventive/cardioprotective agent 9 . In addition, a positive correlation between composite dietary antioxidant index and Klotho levels in the middle-aged population has been demonstrated 10 . However, oxidative stress levels in the body may be in uenced by various dietary components, physical activity, obesity, smoking and other behaviors 11 .…”