Complicated urinary tract infections

Abstract

This review highlights recent findings regarding complicated urinary tract infections (UTIs). We review recently published randomized controlled trials, Cochrane reviews, and meta-analyses. Topics covered include new findings on the genetics of acute pyelonephritis, methods to prevent catheter-associated UTI, duration of treatment for catheter-associated UTI, and reimbursement changes for Medicare patients who develop nosocomial UTI in US hospitals. Future studies on complicated UTI are needed to better define this complex disease and its management and to confirm the clinical significance of different prevention strategies.

Enhancing urinary tract infection diagnosis for negative culture patients with metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS)

“…Clinically, complicated UTIs are defined as those associated with factors that compromise the urinary tract or host defense, including urinary tract obstruction, immunosuppression, renal failure, and foreign bodies such as indwelling urinary catheters or other drainage devices (Lichtenberger and Hooton, 2008;Levison and Kaye, 2013). In our cases, the majority of patients had complicated UTI that showed recurrent, persistent and refractory features similar to the previous reports (Zhang et al, 2021).…”

Enhancing urinary tract infection diagnosis for negative culture patients with metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS)

“…Clinically, complicated UTIs are defined as those associated with factors that compromise the urinary tract or host defense, including urinary tract obstruction, immunosuppression, renal failure, and foreign bodies such as indwelling urinary catheters or other drainage devices (Lichtenberger and Hooton, 2008;Levison and Kaye, 2013). In our cases, the majority of patients had complicated UTI that showed recurrent, persistent and refractory features similar to the previous reports (Zhang et al, 2021).…”

Community-acquired lower urinary tract infections: Etiology, antimicrobial resistance, and treatment results in female patients

“…Some conditions such as surgery, pregnancy, advanced age, diabetes mellitus, kidney stones, impairment of the immune system, neurogenic bladder, and urinary tract abnormalities may increase the risk of developing UTIs. [ 4 ] In majority of our patients (20%), urolithiasis and diabetes mellitus (15.6%) were associated with lower UTI.…”

Rapid Microbial Identification and Antibiotic Resistance Detection by Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Membrane Lipids

“…40 Clinically, uncomplicated UTIs are classified as infected individuals who are healthy with neither structural nor functional abnormalities in their urinary tracts, 47 whereas complicated UTI patients have risk factors of a compromised urinary tract or host defense. 48 To determine the efficiency of the SA method to correctly identify organisms in a polymicrobial infection, two mixtures of clinically relevant bacterial strains were selected for this study, uncomplicated M1 (K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, and S. aureus) and complicated M2 (E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and C. albicans). In this experiment, each pathogen was cultured separately and then spiked together into sterile urine and extracted directly using the optimized SA method.…”

“…Causative agents frequently isolated in clinical specimens from UTI patients were selected for two types of UTIs, uncomplicated and complicated . Clinically, uncomplicated UTIs are classified as infected individuals who are healthy with neither structural nor functional abnormalities in their urinary tracts, whereas complicated UTI patients have risk factors of a compromised urinary tract or host defense . To determine the efficiency of the SA method to correctly identify organisms in a polymicrobial infection, two mixtures of clinically relevant bacterial strains were selected for this study, uncomplicated M1 ( K. pneumoniae , P. aeruginosa , and S. aureus ) and complicated M2 ( E. coli , K. pneumoniae , and C. albicans ).…”

Enhancing urinary tract infection diagnosis for negative culture patients with metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS)

“…Clinically, complicated UTIs are defined as those associated with factors that compromise the urinary tract or host defense, including urinary tract obstruction, immunosuppression, renal failure, and foreign bodies such as indwelling urinary catheters or other drainage devices (Lichtenberger and Hooton, 2008;Levison and Kaye, 2013). In our cases, the majority of patients had complicated UTI that showed recurrent, persistent and refractory features similar to the previous reports (Zhang et al, 2021).…”

Community-acquired lower urinary tract infections: Etiology, antimicrobial resistance, and treatment results in female patients

“…Some conditions such as surgery, pregnancy, advanced age, diabetes mellitus, kidney stones, impairment of the immune system, neurogenic bladder, and urinary tract abnormalities may increase the risk of developing UTIs. [ 4 ] In majority of our patients (20%), urolithiasis and diabetes mellitus (15.6%) were associated with lower UTI.…”

Rapid Microbial Identification and Antibiotic Resistance Detection by Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Membrane Lipids

“…40 Clinically, uncomplicated UTIs are classified as infected individuals who are healthy with neither structural nor functional abnormalities in their urinary tracts, 47 whereas complicated UTI patients have risk factors of a compromised urinary tract or host defense. 48 To determine the efficiency of the SA method to correctly identify organisms in a polymicrobial infection, two mixtures of clinically relevant bacterial strains were selected for this study, uncomplicated M1 (K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, and S. aureus) and complicated M2 (E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and C. albicans). In this experiment, each pathogen was cultured separately and then spiked together into sterile urine and extracted directly using the optimized SA method.…”

“…Causative agents frequently isolated in clinical specimens from UTI patients were selected for two types of UTIs, uncomplicated and complicated . Clinically, uncomplicated UTIs are classified as infected individuals who are healthy with neither structural nor functional abnormalities in their urinary tracts, whereas complicated UTI patients have risk factors of a compromised urinary tract or host defense . To determine the efficiency of the SA method to correctly identify organisms in a polymicrobial infection, two mixtures of clinically relevant bacterial strains were selected for this study, uncomplicated M1 ( K. pneumoniae , P. aeruginosa , and S. aureus ) and complicated M2 ( E. coli , K. pneumoniae , and C. albicans ).…”

Enhancing urinary tract infection diagnosis for negative culture patients with metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS)

“…Clinically, complicated UTIs are defined as those associated with factors that compromise the urinary tract or host defense, including urinary tract obstruction, immunosuppression, renal failure, and foreign bodies such as indwelling urinary catheters or other drainage devices (Lichtenberger and Hooton, 2008;Levison and Kaye, 2013). In our cases, the majority of patients had complicated UTI that showed recurrent, persistent and refractory features similar to the previous reports (Zhang et al, 2021).…”

Community-acquired lower urinary tract infections: Etiology, antimicrobial resistance, and treatment results in female patients

“…Some conditions such as surgery, pregnancy, advanced age, diabetes mellitus, kidney stones, impairment of the immune system, neurogenic bladder, and urinary tract abnormalities may increase the risk of developing UTIs. [ 4 ] In majority of our patients (20%), urolithiasis and diabetes mellitus (15.6%) were associated with lower UTI.…”

Rapid Microbial Identification and Antibiotic Resistance Detection by Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Membrane Lipids

“…40 Clinically, uncomplicated UTIs are classified as infected individuals who are healthy with neither structural nor functional abnormalities in their urinary tracts, 47 whereas complicated UTI patients have risk factors of a compromised urinary tract or host defense. 48 To determine the efficiency of the SA method to correctly identify organisms in a polymicrobial infection, two mixtures of clinically relevant bacterial strains were selected for this study, uncomplicated M1 (K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, and S. aureus) and complicated M2 (E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and C. albicans). In this experiment, each pathogen was cultured separately and then spiked together into sterile urine and extracted directly using the optimized SA method.…”

“…Causative agents frequently isolated in clinical specimens from UTI patients were selected for two types of UTIs, uncomplicated and complicated . Clinically, uncomplicated UTIs are classified as infected individuals who are healthy with neither structural nor functional abnormalities in their urinary tracts, whereas complicated UTI patients have risk factors of a compromised urinary tract or host defense . To determine the efficiency of the SA method to correctly identify organisms in a polymicrobial infection, two mixtures of clinically relevant bacterial strains were selected for this study, uncomplicated M1 ( K. pneumoniae , P. aeruginosa , and S. aureus ) and complicated M2 ( E. coli , K. pneumoniae , and C. albicans ).…”