Complete spatiotemporal characterization and optical transfer matrix inversion of a 420 mode fiber

Carpenter, Joel; Eggleton, Benjamin J.; Schröder, Jochen

doi:10.1364/ol.41.005580

Cited by 37 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Recently, the transmission matrix has been extended to the spectral domain. The Multi Spectral Transmission Matrix 9,21 , also known as the optical transfer function 29 , is a stack of transmission matrices for a set of different input wavelength, that can be measured by sweeping the wavelength or using hyper-spectral imaging 30 . The MSTM enables a spectral control of the output field exploiting the spectral diversity of the medium, and could be used for focusing a pattern at a given wavelength 9,29 , pulse shaping the output focus 21 and imaging through scattering samples 31 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of the temporal and polarization response of a multimode fiber

Mounaix

Carpenter

2019

Nat Commun

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Control of the spatial and temporal properties of light propagating in disordered media have been demonstrated over the last decade using spatial light modulators. Most of the previous studies demonstrated spatial focusing to the speckle grain size, and manipulation of the temporal properties of the achieved focus. In this work, we demonstrate an approach to control the total temporal impulse response, not only at a single speckle grain but over all spatial degrees of freedom (spatial and polarization modes) at any arbitrary delay time through a multimode fiber. Global enhancement or suppression of the total light intensity exiting a multimode fibre is shown for arbitrary delays and polarization states. This work could benefit to applications that require pulse delivery in disordered media.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of the temporal and polarization response of a multimode fiber

Mounaix

Carpenter

2019

Nat Commun

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“…(251) shows explicitly that we are free to choose the gauge function Ψ as long as we use the transformation rules Eqs. (248) and (250). A new choice of gauge function Ψ gives a gauge transformation.…”

Section: F1 Background Electromagnetismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waves, modes, communications, and optics: a tutorial

Miller¹

2019

Adv. Opt. Photon.

134

105

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Modes generally provide an economical description of waves, reducing complicated wave functions to finite numbers of mode amplitudes, as in propagating fiber modes and ideal laser beams. But finding a corresponding mode description for counting the best orthogonal channels for communicating between surfaces or volumes, or for optimally describing the inputs and outputs of a complicated optical system or wave scatterer, requires a different approach. The singular-value decomposition approach we describe here gives the necessary optimal source and receiver "communication modes" pairs and device or scatterer input and output "mode-converter basis function" pairs. These define the best communication or input/output channels, allowing precise counting and straightforward calculations. Here we introduce all the mathematics and physics of this approach, which works for acoustic, radio-frequency and optical waves, including full vector electromagnetic behavior, and is valid from nanophotonic scales to large systems. We show several general behaviors of communications modes, including various heuristic results. We also establish a new "M-gauge" for electromagnetism that clarifies the number of vector wave channels and allows a simple and general quantization. This approach also gives a new modal "M-coefficient" version of Einstein's A&B coefficient argument and revised versions of Kirchhoff's radiation laws. The article is written in a tutorial style to introduce the approach and its consequences. Hermitian adjoints and Dirac bra-ket notation

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“…This can be achieved using methods such as nonlinear optical processes [6,7], time-gating [8,9], and frequency-resolved measurements [10,11]. However, these methods underly either low signal-to-noise measurements (non-linear processes), or stability issues as they require lengthy acquisition procedures [12] and the need of external reference.An alternative approach is to use self-referencing signals, at the expense of lacking control on spectral degrees of freedom. Recently, "broadband wavefront shaping" experiments reported outcomes disparate from what is expected from monochromatic wavefront shaping, such as a decrease in the independent spectral degrees of freedom [13,14], and recovery of pure polarization states [15].…”

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Temporal recompression through a scattering medium via a broadband transmission matrix

Mounaix¹,

Aguiar²,

Gigan³

2017

Optica

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The transmission matrix is a unique tool to control light through a scattering medium. A monochromatic transmission matrix does not allow temporal control of broadband light. Conversely, measuring multiple transmission matrices with spectral resolution allows fine temporal control when a pulse is temporally broadened upon multiple scattering, but requires very long measurement time. Here, we show that a single linear operator, measured for a broadband pulse with a co-propagating reference, naturally allows for spatial focusing, and interestingly generates a two-fold temporal recompression at the focus, compared with the natural temporal broadening. This is particularly relevant for non-linear imaging techniques in biological tissues.When monochromatic coherent light propagates in a medium with high refractive index inhomogeneities, it quickly develops into a speckle. Despite the complex structure of speckle patterns, each speckle grain has a deterministic relation to the input fields [1]. Over the last decade, wavefront shaping has turned to be an efficient tool to control monochromatic light through highly scattering systems [2], notably by exploiting the transmission matrix [3].Under illumination with a source of large bandwidth, each spectral component can generate a different speckle pattern [4]. Therefore one needs to adjust these additional spectral/temporal degrees of freedom to temporally control the output pulse [5]. This can be achieved using methods such as nonlinear optical processes [6,7], time-gating [8,9], and frequency-resolved measurements [10,11]. However, these methods underly either low signal-to-noise measurements (non-linear processes), or stability issues as they require lengthy acquisition procedures [12] and the need of external reference.An alternative approach is to use self-referencing signals, at the expense of lacking control on spectral degrees of freedom. Recently, "broadband wavefront shaping" experiments reported outcomes disparate from what is expected from monochromatic wavefront shaping, such as a decrease in the independent spectral degrees of freedom [13,14], and recovery of pure polarization states [15]. Notably, these results could have an impact on biomedical imaging [16]. Nonetheless, the exact temporal properties of the obtained output pulse via broadband wavefront shaping remain elusive. In this letter, we report the first characterization of the so-called broadband transmission matrix of a scattering medium. We exploit it for focusing purposes, and we analyze and interpret its temporal behavior. Unexpectedly, the characterized average pulse length is shorter than the pulse propagating without shaping. Figure 1a illustrates and summarizes propagation of broadband light (ultrashort pulse of duration δt, spectral width ∆λ) through an optically thick scattering medium. Transmitted light results in a speckle intensity pattern with low contrast C 0 < 1. This low contrast results from the incoherent summation of various uncorrelated speckles corresponding to different spect...

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Complete spatiotemporal characterization and optical transfer matrix inversion of a 420 mode fiber

Cited by 37 publications

References 23 publications

Control of the temporal and polarization response of a multimode fiber

Control of the temporal and polarization response of a multimode fiber

Waves, modes, communications, and optics: a tutorial

Temporal recompression through a scattering medium via a broadband transmission matrix

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