Complete Genome Sequence of <i>Rothia mucilaginosa</i> DY-18: A Clinical Isolate with Dense Meshwork-Like Structures from a Persistent Apical Periodontitis Lesion

Yamane, Kazuyoshi; Nambu, Takayuki; Yamanaka, Takeshi; Mashimo, Chiho; Sugimori, Chieko; Leung, Kai P.; Fukushima, Hajime

doi:10.1155/2010/457236

Cited by 20 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…also associated with the skin, and Enterococcus faecalis is also found in the gastrointestinal tract (14,(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45). These viability data paired with our FISH probe results demonstrated that biofilms within carotid arterial plaque lesions contained viable bacteria that were, at least in some cases, polymicrobial infections.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Propionibacterium acnes Recovered from Atherosclerotic Human Carotid Arteries Undergoes Biofilm Dispersion and Releases Lipolytic and Proteolytic Enzymes in Response to Norepinephrine Challenge In Vitro

Lanter

Davies

2015

Infect Immun

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In the present study, human atherosclerotic carotid arteries were examined following endarterectomy for the presence of the Gram-positive bacterium Propionibacterium acnes and its potential association with biofilm structures within the arterial wall. The P. acnes 16S rRNA gene was detectable in 4 of 15 carotid artery samples, and viable P. acnes was one among 10 different bacterial species recoverable in culture. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis of 5 additional atherosclerotic carotid arteries demonstrated biofilm bacteria within all samples, with P. acnes detectable in 4 samples. We also demonstrated that laboratorygrown cultures of P. acnes biofilms were susceptible to induction of a biofilm dispersion response when challenged with physiologically relevant levels of norepinephrine in the presence of iron-bound transferrin or with free iron. The production and release of lipolytic and proteolytic extracellular enzymes by P. acnes were shown to increase in iron-induced dispersed biofilms, and these dispersion-induced P. acnes VP1 biofilms showed increased expression of mRNAs for the triacylglycerol lipases PPA2105 and PPA1796 and the hyaluronate lyase PPA380 compared to that in untreated biofilms. These results demonstrate that P. acnes can infect the carotid arteries of humans with atherosclerosis as a component of multispecies biofilms and that dispersion is inducible for this organism, at least in vitro, with physiologically relevant levels of norepinephrine resulting in the production and release of degradative enzymes.A therosclerosis, or hardening of arteries, is one of the principal predisposing factors for heart attack and stroke in the United States, Europe, and Japan (1, 2). When atherosclerosis develops, the arterial walls thicken and lose elasticity due to the buildup of plaque deposits within the wall. Eventually, this condition may result in rupture of the overlying fibrous cap, which can lead to the development of a thrombosis or blood clot within the circulation (2). The progression of atherosclerosis is widely believed to be driven by increased levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in the blood (3), and this disease has been correlated with apolipoprotein E deficiency in mice (4). Over the past 20 years, research has shown that in addition to LDL/cholesterol, arterial plaque deposits typically contain infecting bacteria or signature prokaryotic biomarkers (2, 5-12). Previous work in our laboratory has shown that bacteria within carotid arterial plaques are present as biofilm infections and that at least one species of bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which was commonly observed in the carotid arterial plaque samples we analyzed, undergoes a biofilm dispersion response when challenged in vitro with physiologically relevant levels of the catechol hormone norepinephrine in the presence of the iron chelator transferrin (13).In the present study, we analyzed atherosclerotic human carotid arteries for the presence of Propionibacterium acnes, a nonspore-forming, anaerobic, Gr...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Propionibacterium acnes Recovered from Atherosclerotic Human Carotid Arteries Undergoes Biofilm Dispersion and Releases Lipolytic and Proteolytic Enzymes in Response to Norepinephrine Challenge In Vitro

Lanter

Davies

2015

Infect Immun

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“…Rothia species are components of the oral microbiota and were also identified in duodenal biopsy specimens (67). Although some infections by R. mucilaginosa have been described, this species is considered a harmless colonizer of the oral cavity (68). Recently, it was hypothesized that some species of the Rothia genus, including R. mucilaginosa, are involved in gluten degradation (69,70).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary Microbiota and Metabolome Associated with Celiac Disease

Francavilla

Ercolini

Piccolo

et al. 2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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e This study aimed to investigate the salivary microbiota and metabolome of 13 children with celiac disease (CD) under a glutenfree diet (treated celiac disease [T-CD]). The same number of healthy children (HC) was used as controls. The salivary microbiota was analyzed by an integrated approach using culture-dependent and -independent methods. Metabolome analysis was carried out by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-solid-phase microextraction. Compared to HC, the number of some cultivable bacterial groups (e.g., total anaerobes) significantly (P < 0.05) differed in the saliva samples of the T-CD children. As shown by community-level catabolic profiles, the highest Shannon's diversity and substrate richness were found in HC. Pyrosequencing data showed the highest richness estimator and diversity index values for HC. Levels of Lachnospiraceae, Gemellaceae, and Streptococcus sanguinis were highest for the T-CD children. Streptococcus thermophilus levels were markedly decreased in T-CD children. The saliva of T-CD children showed the largest amount of Bacteroidetes (e.g., Porphyromonas sp., Porphyromonas endodontalis, and Prevotella nanceiensis), together with the smallest amount of Actinobacteria. T-CD children were also characterized by decreased levels of some Actinomyces species, Atopobium species, and Corynebacterium durum. Rothia mucilaginosa was the only Actinobacteria species found at the highest level in T-CD children. As shown by multivariate statistical analyses, the levels of organic volatile compounds markedly differentiated T-CD children. Some compounds (e.g., ethyl-acetate, nonanal, and 2-hexanone) were found to be associated with T-CD children. Correlations (false discovery rate [FDR], <0.05) were found between the relative abundances of bacteria and some volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The findings of this study indicated that CD is associated with oral dysbiosis that could affect the oral metabolome.

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“…(v) An intact, toxin-producing strain of C. diphtheriae has 11 more pathogenicity islands and 37 additional regions, compared with C7(Ϫ), a nontoxigenic strain of that species (26). Among medically relevant coryneforms, stress-responsive systems that regulated the biofilm phenotype have been characterized from a mucoid strain of Rothia mucilaginosa (54).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Genus Corynebacterium and Other Medically Relevant Coryneform-Like Bacteria

2012

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Catalase-positive Gram-positive bacilli, commonly called “diphtheroids” or “coryneform” bacteria were historically nearly always dismissed as contaminants when recovered from patients, but increasingly have been implicated as the cause of significant infections. These taxa have been underreported, and the taxa were taxonomically confusing. The mechanisms of pathogenesis, especially for newly described taxa, were rarely studied. Antibiotic susceptibility data were relatively scant. In this minireview, clinical relevance, phenotypic and genetic identification methods, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time of flight (MALDI-TOF) evaluations, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing involving species in the genus Corynebacterium and other medically relevant Gram-positive rods, collectively called coryneforms, are described.

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Complete Genome Sequence of Rothia mucilaginosa DY-18: A Clinical Isolate with Dense Meshwork-Like Structures from a Persistent Apical Periodontitis Lesion

Cited by 20 publications

References 37 publications

Propionibacterium acnes Recovered from Atherosclerotic Human Carotid Arteries Undergoes Biofilm Dispersion and Releases Lipolytic and Proteolytic Enzymes in Response to Norepinephrine Challenge In Vitro

Propionibacterium acnes Recovered from Atherosclerotic Human Carotid Arteries Undergoes Biofilm Dispersion and Releases Lipolytic and Proteolytic Enzymes in Response to Norepinephrine Challenge In Vitro

Salivary Microbiota and Metabolome Associated with Celiac Disease

The Genus Corynebacterium and Other Medically Relevant Coryneform-Like Bacteria

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