Comparison of TOVS‐derived land surface variables with ground observations

Lakshmi, Venkataraman; Susskind, Joel

doi:10.1029/1999jd900921

Cited by 35 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Susskind et al (1997) have shown that the TOVS Path nder Path A dataset, in which the satellite observations are used in a data assimilation mode within a GCM, provide reasonable estimates of surface air temperature globally. Lakshmi et al (1997Lakshmi et al ( , 1998Lakshmi et al ( , 1999 have validated these temperatures using observations from eld experiments and meteorological observing stations and have shown them to be unbiased. Secondly, an innovative approach that uses multi-afternoon Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) surface skin temperature and Normalized DiOE erence Vegetation Index (NDVI) to estimate air temperature has been developed and implemented (Goward et al 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…provide four times of day observations and are useful in assessing diurnal dynamics of the land surface. Direct comparisons between eld observations collected during FIFE (First ISLSCP (International Satellite Land Surface Climatology Project) Field Experiment) and the TOVS-derived skin and surface air temperature and surface vapour pressure for a period between 1987 and 1989, between observations from the HAPEX (Hydrologic-Atmospheric Pilot Experiment) Sahel and between the observations from the Boreal Ecosystem Atmosphere Study (BOEAS), 1993-1996 and the same TOVS parameters (as mentioned above), have been carried out (Lakshmi et al 1999). The standard deviation of the diOE erences between the instantaneous satellite retrieved quantities and the ground data obtained in the eld experiments for surface skin temperature, surface air temperature and surface vapour pressure were found to be 4ß C, 3.5ß C and 3.5 mb, respectively, and nearly zero mean biases over the experiment periods.…”

Section: T Ovsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Land surface air temperature mapping using TOVS and AVHRR

Lakshmi

Czajkowski

Dubayah

et al. 2001

International Journal of Remote Sensing

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Surface air temperature is an important variable in land surface hydrological studies. This paper evaluates the ability of satellites to map air temperature across large land surface areas. Algorithms recently have been developed that derive surface air temperature using observations from the TOVS (TIROS Operational Vertical Sounder) suite of instruments and also from the AVHRR (Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer), which have own on the NOAA operational sun synchronous satellites TIROS-N NOAA-14. In this study we evaluate TOVS soundings from NOAA-10 (nominal local time of overpass 7:30 a.m./p.m.) and data from AVHRR aboard NOAA-9 (nominal local time 2:30 a.m./p.m.). Instantaneous estimates from the AVHRR and TOVS were compared with the hourly ground observations collected from 26 meteorological stations in the Red River-Arkansas River basin for a 3-month period from May to July 1987. Detailed comparisons between the satellite and ground estimates of surface air temperatures are reported and the feasibility of estimating the diurnal variation is explored. The comparisons are interpreted in the geographical context, i.e. land cover and topography, and in the seasonal context, i.e. early and midsummer. The results show that the average bias over the 3-month period compared with ground-based observations is approximately 2ß C or less for the three times of day with TOVS having lower biases than AVHRR. Knowledge of these error estimates will greatly bene t use of satellite data in hydrological modelling.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: T Ovsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land surface air temperature mapping using TOVS and AVHRR

Lakshmi

Czajkowski

Dubayah

et al. 2001

International Journal of Remote Sensing

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“…In order to understand the relationship between soil moisture and surface temperature, field studies must be conducted to obtain accurate and reliable (simultaneous in time and coincident in space) soil moisture and surface temperature observations. Field measurements of surface temperature have been used for validation of satellite-retrieved surface temperatures (Lakshmi et al, 1998;Prince et al, 1998;Lakshmi and Susskind, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil moisture–temperature relationships: results from two field experiments

Lakshmi

Jackson

Zehrfuhs

2003

Hydrological Processes

100

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Abstract:This paper analyses data from two field experiments in Chickasha, Oklahoma, and Tifton, Georgia, carried out in July 1999 and June 2000 respectively. The observations on soil moisture at two depths, viz. 0-2Ð5 and 0-5Ð0 cm, surface temperature, and temperatures at 1, 5 and 10 cm depths are analysed. The relationship between the soil moisture and the temperature variability in time is examined as a function of vegetation type and location. Results from these experiments show that, during drydown, surface temperature shows an increase that corresponds to a decrease in the soil moisture. Linear models for prediction of soil moisture (at both depths) using surface temperature observations are examined.

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“…The skin temperature is derived using the infrared-thermal channel 8, 18, and 19 of the High-Resolution Infrared Radiation Sounder instrument. The dataset (Susskind et al 1997) has been validated (Lakshmi et al 1998;Lakshmi and Susskind 2000) for various land surface regions by direct comparison to surface temperature collected during field ex- periments. The results of these comparisons are that the two datasets (TOVS and in situ) have approximately zero mean difference.…”

Section: A Skin Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Links between Snow Cover, Surface Skin Temperature, and Rainfall Variability in the North American Monsoon System

2003

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The influence of land-atmosphere interactions on the variability of the North American monsoon system (NAMS) is investigated using the Television Infrared Observation Satellite (TIROS) Operational Vertical Sounder (TOVS) Pathfinder, the Climate Prediction Center (CPC) gauge precipitation, and observed snow water equivalent (SWE). Three hypotheses are tested regarding the connection between land surface variables and precipitation in the NAMS region. First, there is a weak negative correlation between 1 April SWE and subsequent surface temperature in the southern Rocky Mountains (SRM) region. However, this connection persists only until June and, therefore, cannot directly influence monsoon rainfall in July and August. Second, there is a negative correlation between SRM surface temperature and NAMS precipitation during the monsoon season, rather than the positive correlation previously proposed. Third, there is a highly significant negative correlation between rainfall and surface temperature within the NAMS region. On the monthly timescale, surface temperature decreases by ϳ4 K per 1 mm day Ϫ1 increase in rainfall, consistent with a positive soil moisture-rainfall feedback. The substantial variability of SRM skin temperature (ϳ10 K) may modulate the temperature gradient between land and ocean. However, these skin temperature anomalies persist only for ϳ1 month, so their effects are variable throughout the monsoon season.

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Comparison of TOVS‐derived land surface variables with ground observations

Cited by 35 publications

References 20 publications

Land surface air temperature mapping using TOVS and AVHRR

Land surface air temperature mapping using TOVS and AVHRR

Soil moisture–temperature relationships: results from two field experiments

Links between Snow Cover, Surface Skin Temperature, and Rainfall Variability in the North American Monsoon System

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