Comparison of thermal stability of sulfur, peroxide and radiation cured NBR and SBR vulcanizates

Ahmed, Shamshad; Basfar, Ahmed A.; Aziz, M. M. Abdel

doi:10.1016/s0141-3910(99)00133-0

Cited by 71 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Therefore, crosslinks and chain scissions are associated with increased and decreased thermal stability, respectively (Ahmed et al, 2000, Hassan et al, 2013b, Wang et al, 2009b. temperatures was observed indicating no substantial degradation has taken place in these blends (Noriman et al, 2010).…”

Section: Tga Analysismentioning

confidence: 93%

Improving the properties of reclaimed waste tire rubber by blending with poly(ethylene‐co‐vinyl acetate) and electron beam irradiation

Ramarad

Ratnam

Khalid

et al. 2014

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Non-degradable waste tire generation around the world is growing at an alarming rate. Diversifying the recycling route of these waste tires is essential to solve the problem. One way is to incorporate them into polymers and convert them into new products. However, incorporation of ground tire rubber into thermoplastics has been hampered due to lack of toughness and adhesion between phases. To address the issue, this study utilized reclaimed waste tire rubber (RTR) instead; and evaluated the properties of RTR and poly(ethyleneco-vinyl acetate) (EVA) blends. The properties of the RTR/EVA blends were further enhanced by compatibilization and electron beam irradiation.Processing, mechanical, thermal and dynamic mechanical properties of RTR were tremendously improved by blending with EVA. However, the interfacial adhesion was found to lack in the blends. Compatibilization by reactive, physical and combination strategies were explored utilizing (3-Aminopropyl)triethoxy silane (APS), liquid styrene butadiene rubber (LR) and maleated EVA (MAEVA), respectively. APS and MAEVA were found to be the most and least favourable compatibilizer, respectively. Apart from functioning as reactive compatibilizer, APS also reclaimed the RTR phase further. These lead to improved dispersion of smaller RTR phase in EVA matrix and enhanced the interfacial adhesion.Electron beam irradiation revealed the presence of radical stabilizing and scavenging additives within RTR which retards the crosslinking process in RTR and RTR/EVA blends. Though chain scissions were predominant; study showed the replacement of S-S and S-C bonds with stronger and stiffer C-C bonds ensures the retention of RTR and RTR/EVA blends properties upon irradiation.Compatibilization of RTR/EVA blend by APS (50RTR/5APS) also improved the crosslinking efficiency. However, the blend still suffered from oxidative degradation from irradiation in air. Radiation sensitizers, trimethylol propane triacrylate (TMPTA), tripropylene glycol diacrylate (TPGDA) and N,N-1,3Phenylene Bismaleimide (HVA2), were used to accelerate the irradiation induced crosslinking in RTR and 50RTR/5APS blends. Presence of radiation sensitizers leads to simultaneous improvement in toughness and tensile strength of RTR and 50RTR/5APS blends. Elastic capacity of RTR phase was restored and interfacial adhesion enhanced in the presence of radiation sensitizers.iii

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Section: Tga Analysismentioning

confidence: 93%

Improving the properties of reclaimed waste tire rubber by blending with poly(ethylene‐co‐vinyl acetate) and electron beam irradiation

Ramarad

Ratnam

Khalid

et al. 2014

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…The addition of a curing agent further decreases the volume change over the entire range of the absorbed dose in Fig. 3 [5,[12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To compensate for these unwanted properties, polymer processing is generally performed to incorporate reinforcement fillers, plasticizers, antioxidants, and cross-linking agents that can enhance the polymer properties. Among them, cross-linking agents, such as trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TMPTMA), triallyl cyanurate (TAC), and triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC) are primarily used to improve polymer cross-linking, due to the significant effects of radiation on these materials [5][6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced solvent resistance of acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber by electron beam irradiation

Jung

Kim

et al. 2013

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry

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“…1b, 1c) [12,14,15]. The pres ence of aromatic ring in SBR and nitrile groups in NBR considerably increases the temperatures of the first and second exothermic transitions compared with those of polybutadiene ( Fig.…”

Section: Thermal Properties Of Rubbers and Their Vulcanizatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal properties of diene elastomers

2014

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Abstract-The paper presents the results of investigating the effect of the macromolecule chemical structure and the spatial network structure of butadiene (BR), butadiene styrene (SBR) and butadiene acrylonitrile (NBR) rubbers on their thermal properties. The rubbers were cross linked by the conventional method by means of dicumyl peroxide or sulfur as well as by the non conventional way using iodoform (CH 3 I). The rub ber and their vulcanizates were assessed by the derivatographic method (under air) and by means of differen tial scanning calorimetry (DSC) under inert gas. The thermal cross linking degree of the polydienes and the efficiency of the cross linking processes, dependent on both the chemical structure of elastomer macromol ecules and their spatial network structure were determined. The cross linking of elastomers with iodoform changes the thermal properties of polymers, significantly increasing their glass transition temperature during both sample heating and cooling, which results from the increase in mutual interaction of macromolecules connected with their modification with iodine compounds.

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Comparison of thermal stability of sulfur, peroxide and radiation cured NBR and SBR vulcanizates

Cited by 71 publications

References 4 publications

Improving the properties of reclaimed waste tire rubber by blending with poly(ethylene‐co‐vinyl acetate) and electron beam irradiation

Improving the properties of reclaimed waste tire rubber by blending with poly(ethylene‐co‐vinyl acetate) and electron beam irradiation

Enhanced solvent resistance of acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber by electron beam irradiation

Thermal properties of diene elastomers

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