Comparison of sporopollenin-like algal resistant polymer from cell wall of Botryococcus, scenedesmus and lycopodium clavatum by GC-pyrolysis

A Review of Macromolecular Organic Compounds That Comprise Living Organisms and Their Role in Kerogen, Coal, and Petroleum Formation

“…Later on, the presence of "sporopollenin-like" constituents was assumed in the walls of various microorganisms: algal vegetative cells and algal cysts, * bacterial vegetative cells and spores, and fungal spores. Recently, however, the relationship of certain chemically resistant cell wall macromolecules in microorganisms with sporopollenins was questioned (Berkaloff et 01., 1983;Brunner and Honegger, 1985;Puel et 01.,1987;Burczyk and Dworzanski, 1988).…”

“…61. Largeau et 01., 1984Largeau et 01., , 1986Derenne et 01., 1989;Goth et 01., 1988;Burczyk and Dworzanski, 1988;Zelibor et 01., 1988Nip et 01., 1986aTegelaar et 01., 1989cTegelaar et 01., 1993bStach et 01., 1982 Mukhopadhyay and Gormly, 1984; Lewan and Williams, 1987;Van Aarssen et 01., 1990 Stach et 01. 1982;Hatcher, 1988 Prahl et 01., 1985;Schulze Osthoff and Wiermann, 1987;Guilford et 01., 1988 To emphasize the importance of selective preservation of resistant biopolymers resulting in major contributions of these materials to kerogens, one example will be presented in more detail.…”

“…The algaenans isolated from some other species of microalgae were examined by IR (Brunner and Honegger, 1985;Burczyk, 1987) and CP/MAS 13C NMR spectroscopy (Guilford et a1., 1988), Py-GC (Burczyk and Dworzanski, 1988), and Py-GC/MS (Goth et a1., 1988). The structural information so obtained points to a major contribution of polymethylenic chains and to a close similarity with the algaenans of B. braunii races A and B.…”

High-rate biomethane production from microalgal biomass in a UASB reactor

“…This implies that although anaerobic digestion is capable of initiating the breakdown of microalgal cells, not all of the cell components were easily digested. In particular, algae cell walls contain complex polymers, which could be poorly hydrolysable under anaerobic conditions [16]. In addition, microscopic examination of the influent samples showed that algal cells were intact.…”

Pretreatments to enhance the anaerobic biodegradability of Chlorella protothecoides algal biomass

“…and numerous other microalgae species is hindered by the resistance of their thick cell wall to biodegradation [6,9]. The cell wall of most microalgae consists of trilayered structures that include polysaccharides such as cellulose, proteins, among others, or trilaminar layers of algaenan [15,16]. This structure confers the cell wall with a high resistance to bacterial attack.…”