Comparison of indoor propagation models for multi floor staircase at 900 MHz and 1800 MHz

Aziz, Omar Abdul; Rahman, Tharek Abdul

doi:10.1109/istt.2014.7238199

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…At low frequencies, many studies have investigated the radio propagation in the stairwell indoor environment [12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. e path loss models obtained based on empirical results from measurements at 900 MHz [17], 1800 MHz [19], 2.4 GHz, and 2.8 GHz [13] have high path loss exponents (PLEs) for all frequencies. However, both studies [13,19] stated that the PLE of the first stair section is less than the free-space path loss (FSPL) due to the existence of the lineof-sight (LOS) path in this section.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radio Propagation Measurements in the Indoor Stairwell Environment at 3.5 and 28 GHz for 5G Wireless Networks

Al-Samman

Mohamed

Cheffena

2020

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

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To cover the high demand for wireless data services for different applications in the wireless networks, different frequency bands below 6 GHz and in millimeter-wave (mm-Wave) above 24 GHz are proposed for the fifth generation (5G) of communication. The communication network is supposed to handle, among others, indoor traffic in normal situations as well as during emergencies. The stairway is one of those areas which has less network traffic during normal conditions but increases significantly during emergencies. This paper presents the radio propagation in an indoor stairway environment based on wideband measurements in the line of sight (LOS) at two candidate frequencies for 5G wireless networks, namely, 3.5 GHz and 28 GHz. The path loss, root mean square (RMS) delay spread, K-factor results, and analysis are provided. The close-in free-space reference distance (CI), floating intercept (FI), and the close-in free-space reference distance with frequency weighting (CIF) path loss models are provided. The channel parameters such as the number of clusters, the ray and cluster arrival rates, and the ray and cluster decay factors are also obtained for both frequencies. The findings of the path loss show that the CI, FI, and CIF models fit the measured data well in both frequencies with the path loss exponent identical to the free-space path loss. Based on clustering results, it is found that the cluster decay rates are identical at both bands. The results from this and previous measurements indicate that at least one access point is required for every two sections of the stairway to support good coverage along the stairwell area in 5G wireless networks. Moreover, for 5G systems utilizing mm-Wave frequency bands, one access point for each stair section might be necessary for increased reliability of the 5G network in stairwell environments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radio Propagation Measurements in the Indoor Stairwell Environment at 3.5 and 28 GHz for 5G Wireless Networks

Al-Samman

Mohamed

Cheffena

2020

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

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“…Spatial diversity gains at 90% signal reliability were investigated for an off-body multiple-antenna transmitter system at 3, 4, and 5 GHz bands in an indoor stairwell [24]. Omer et al [25] investigated path loss using three common models where the measurements were conducted in two dog-leg stairwells at 900 and 1800 MHz frequencies. The authors of [20] proposed an accumulative distance method to provide the best fitting of the measurement data at 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz bands for both co-and cross-antenna polarizations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Path loss model for indoor emergency stairwell environment at millimeter wave band for 5G network

Al-Samman¹,

Rahman²,

Hindia³

et al. 2018

Turk J Elec Eng & Comp Sci

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The unused millimeter-wave (mmWave) spectrum offers a superb opportunity to increase mobile broadband capacity due to the enormous amount of available bandwidth. Different candidate operating frequencies for 5G wireless networks are available at the mmWave band. For 5G wireless networks, the emergency case is one of the applications. This paper presents the outcome of indoor emergency stairwell measurement campaigns for 5G system at 26 GHz, 28 GHz, 32 GHz, and 38 GHz, which were conducted at the University Technology Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. To effectively evaluate the performance of 5G wireless systems in these different bands, single-and multifrequency path loss models are proposed for this environment. This paper proposes a new path loss model based on a new physical anchor point referred to as physical-anchor stair (PAS) path loss model. In a single-frequency large-scale case study, the PAS and the floating intercept (FI) path loss model are investigated at the 20 GHz and 30 GHz bands. Moreover, this study is extended to cover the multifrequency path such as the alpha, beta, and gamma model and the close-in free space path loss model with frequency weight (CIF) model. The CIF model is developed in this paper. The proposed PAS model shows high accuracy (physically based model) and less complexity compared with the studied models. Results show that the path loss exponent values vary between 6.6 and 7.9 for all measured frequencies using the proposed PAS model and between 9.1 and 10.9 using the FI model.

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“…Other significant non-bodyworn work conducted in stairwells includes [13][14][15]. Research by Aziz and Rahman [13] presented analysis of three most commonly utilised indoor empirical path loss models for a dog-leg staircase using measurements at 900 and 1800 MHz. While the work did not investigate bodyworn antennas and used single antennas, it highlighted path loss values at these frequencies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple antenna channel characterisation for wearable devices in an indoor stairwell environment

Catherwood

Scanlon

2018

IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation

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Any building with more than one floor will have stairwells of some form, yet this area is often neglected in channel characterization studies. We present fading channel models and examine attainable spatial diversity gains at 90% signal reliability for an off-body multiple antenna system at frequencies of 3, 4, and 5 GHz in an indoor stairwell. Additionally we investigate received power, mutual coupling and channel cross-correlation, signal combining modelling, and antenna spatial diversity; the authors believe this is a valuable advancement beyond current knowledge to understand wearable MIMO technology in stairwell environments. Results reveal that 2-branch spatial diversity techniques offer signal gains over individual single channels in the range of 1.7 to 3.3 dB for LOS and 1.8 to 3.4 dB for NLOS for each of the three investigated frequencies, while 3-channel diversity combining appears to offer no significant additional gain over the 2-branch combinations. Furthermore, for NLOS cases the best fit statistical distribution channel models were found to change when spatial diversity was utilized; this highlights mitigated channel fading and increased signal reliability.

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Comparison of indoor propagation models for multi floor staircase at 900 MHz and 1800 MHz

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Radio Propagation Measurements in the Indoor Stairwell Environment at 3.5 and 28 GHz for 5G Wireless Networks

Radio Propagation Measurements in the Indoor Stairwell Environment at 3.5 and 28 GHz for 5G Wireless Networks

Path loss model for indoor emergency stairwell environment at millimeter wave band for 5G network

Multiple antenna channel characterisation for wearable devices in an indoor stairwell environment

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