Comparison of articular and auricular cartilage as a cell source for the autologous chondrocyte implantation

Maličev, Elvira; Kregar-Velikonja, Nevenka; Barlič, Ariana; Alibegović, Armin; Drobnič, Matej

doi:10.1002/jor.20833

Cited by 47 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The results of the present study indicated a higher expression profile of cartilage specific matrix components such as type II collagen in 2D and 3D articular chondrocyte cultures harvested from two species: human and swine and were therefore in accordance with data reported by Isogai et al (28), and Malicev et al (30), but did mostly not agree with the results of Chung et al (31).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…In some cases, different individuals were used for the isolation of heterotopic chondrocytes and therefore inter-donor variance could not be excluded. Most importantly, chondrocytes of different monolayer passages were investigated, so that a divergent velocity of dedifferentiation which depends on the cartilage source (articular and auricular) could cause the differing results [dedifferentiation is enhanced in the more rapidly proliferating auricular chondrocytes compared with slowly proliferating articular chondrocytes (30)]. Therefore, we decided to study chondrocytes harvested from swine and to compare some of these results with those from similar experiments with human chondrocyte populations to exclude results that seem to be influenced by the donor species itself.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of auricular chondrocytes and auricular/articular chondrocyte co-cultures in terms of an application in articular cartilage repair

Schulze-Tanzil¹

2010

Int J Mol Med

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Abstract. Cartilage injury remains a challenge in orthopedic surgery as articular cartilage only has a limited capacity for intrinsic healing. Autologous chondrocyte transplantation (ACT) is a suitable technique for cartilage repair, but requires articular cartilage biopsies for autologous chondrocyte expansion. The use of heterotopic chondrocytes derived from non-articular cartilage sources such as auricular chondrocytes may be a novel approach for ACT. The aim of the study is to evaluate whether co-cultured articular/auricular chondrocytes exhibit characteristics comparable to articular chondrocytes. Analysis of the proliferation rate, extracellular cartilage matrix (ECM) gene and protein expression (type II and I collagen, elastin, lubricin), ß1-integrins and the chondrogenic transcription factor sox9 in articular/auricular chondrocytes was performed using RTD-PCR, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence microscopy and Western blot analysis. Additionally, three-dimensional (3D) chondrocyte mono-and co-cultures were established. The proliferative activity and elastin gene expression were lower and that of type II collagen and lubricin was higher in articular compared with auricular chondrocytes. The species generally did not influence the chondrocyte characteristics, with the exception of type I collagen and sox9 expression, which was higher in porcine but not in human articular chondrocytes compared with both types of auricular chondrocytes. ß1-integrin gene expression did not differ significantly between the chondrocyte types. The type II collagen gene and protein expression was higher in articular chondrocyte monocultures and was slightly higher in co-cultures compared with monocultured auricular chondrocytes. Both chondrocyte types survived in co-culture. Despite their differing expression profiles, co-cultures revealed some adjustment in the ECM expression of both chondrocyte types.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of auricular chondrocytes and auricular/articular chondrocyte co-cultures in terms of an application in articular cartilage repair

Schulze-Tanzil¹

2010

Int J Mol Med

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“…To date, we and others have evaluated the use of chondrocytes and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from several anatomical locations for their applicability in cartilage regenerative medicine (Afizah et al, 2007;Asawa et al, 2009;Chung et al, 2008;Hellingman et al, 2011;Henderson et al, 2007;Isogai et al, 2006;Johnson et al, 2004;Kafienah et al, 2002;Karlsson et al, 2007;Kusuhara et al, 2009;Lohan et al, 2011;Malicev et al, 2009;Naumann et al, 2004;Panossian et al, 2001;Sakaguchi et al, 2005;Seda Tigli et al, 2009;Tay et al, 2004;van Osch et al, 2004;Vinardell et al, 2012;Xu et al, 2004;Yoshimura et al, 2007;Zhang and Spector, 2009). However, these studies often used non-expanded cells isolated from animals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2002; Karlsson et al, 2007;Kusuhara et al, 2009;Lohan et al, 2011;Malicev et al, 2009;Naumann et al, 2004;Panossian et al, 2001;Sakaguchi et al, 2005;Seda Tigli et al, 2009;Tay et al, 2004;van Osch et al, 2004;Vinardell et al, 2012;Xu et al, 2004;Yoshimura et al, 2007;Zhang and Spector, 2009). However, precise comparison of the performance of culture-expanded human cells is lacking.…”

Section: The In Vitro and In Vivo Capacity Of Culture-expanded Human mentioning

confidence: 99%

The in vitro and in vivo capacity of culture-expanded human cells from several sources encapsulated in alginate to form cartilage

Pleumeekers

Nimeskern²,

Koevoet³

et al. 2014

eCM

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Cartilage has limited self-regenerative capacity. Tissue engineering can offer promising solutions for reconstruction of missing or damaged cartilage. A major challenge herein is to define an appropriate cell source that is capable of generating a stable and functional matrix. This study evaluated the performance of culture-expanded human chondrocytes from ear (EC), nose (NC) and articular joint (AC), as well as bone-marrow-derived and adipose-tissuederived mesenchymal stem cells both in vitro and in vivo. All cells (≥ 3 donors per source) were culture-expanded, encapsulated in alginate and cultured for 5 weeks. Subsequently, constructs were implanted subcutaneously for 8 additional weeks. Before and after implantation, glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen content were measured using biochemical assays. Mechanical properties were determined using stress-strain-indentation tests. Hypertrophic differentiation was evaluated with qRT-PCR and subsequent endochondral ossification with histology. ACs had higher chondrogenic potential in vitro than the other cell sources, as assessed by gene expression and GAG content (p < 0.001). However, after implantation, ACs did not further increase their matrix. In contrast, ECs and NCs continued producing matrix in vivo leading to higher GAG content (p < 0.001) and elastic modulus. For NC-constructs, matrix-deposition was associated with the elastic modulus (R 2 = 0.477, p = 0.039). Although all cells -except ACsexpressed markers for hypertrophic differentiation in vitro, there was no bone formed in vivo. Our work shows that cartilage formation and functionality depends on the cell source used. ACs possess the highest chondrogenic capacity in vitro, while ECs and NCs are most potent in vivo, making them attractive cell sources for cartilage repair.

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“…In contrast, Kusuhara et al could observe elastic Wbers in bovine auricular, but not in articular, nasoseptal or costal chondrocytes constructs after 10 or 40 days in the nude mice (Kusuhara et al 2009). At gene expression level, elastin could be demonstrated in diverse culture systems of auricular chondrocytes and to a lesser degree also in articular chondrocytes (Malicev et al 2009;Kuhne et al 2010). On the other side, the full synthesis of elastic Wbers, which consist of elastin and microWbrils, might require more time and the time requirement might be species-dependent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

In vitro and in vivo neo-cartilage formation by heterotopic chondrocytes seeded on PGA scaffolds

Lohan

Marzahn

Sayed

et al. 2011

Histochem Cell Biol

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Implantation of tissue-engineered heterotopic cartilage into joint cartilage defects might be an alternative approach to improve articular cartilage repair. Hence, the aim of this study was to characterize and compare the quality of tissue-engineered cartilage produced with heterotopic (auricular, nasoseptal and articular) chondrocytes seeded on polyglycolic acid (PGA) scaffolds in vitro and in vivo using the nude mice xenograft model. PGA scaffolds were seeded with porcine articular, auricular and nasoseptal chondrocytes using a dynamic culturing procedure. Constructs were pre-cultured 3 weeks in vitro before being implanted subcutaneously in nude mice for 1, 6 or 12 weeks, non-seeded scaffolds were implanted as controls. Heterotopic neo-cartilage quality was assessed using vitality assays, macroscopical and histological scoring systems. Neo-cartilage formation could be observed in vitro in all PGA associated heterotopic chondrocytes cultures and extracellular cartilage matrix (ECM) deposition increased in vivo. The 6 weeks in vivo incubation time point leads to more consistent results for all cartilage species, since at 12 weeks in vivo construct size reductions were higher compared with 6 weeks except for auricular chondrocytes PGA cultures. Some regressive histological changes could be observed in all constructs seeded with all chondrocytes subspecies such as cell-free ECM areas. Particularly, but not exclusively in nasoseptal chondrocytes PGA cultures, ossificated ECM areas appeared. Elastic fibers could not be detected within any neo-cartilage. The neo-cartilage quality did not significantly differ between articular and non-articular chondrocytes constructs. Whether tissue-engineered heterotopic neo-cartilage undergoes sufficient transformation, when implanted into joint cartilage defects requires further investigation.

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Comparison of articular and auricular cartilage as a cell source for the autologous chondrocyte implantation

Cited by 47 publications

References 33 publications

Characterization of auricular chondrocytes and auricular/articular chondrocyte co-cultures in terms of an application in articular cartilage repair

Characterization of auricular chondrocytes and auricular/articular chondrocyte co-cultures in terms of an application in articular cartilage repair

The in vitro and in vivo capacity of culture-expanded human cells from several sources encapsulated in alginate to form cartilage

In vitro and in vivo neo-cartilage formation by heterotopic chondrocytes seeded on PGA scaffolds

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