Comparison of anterior maxillary and mandibular alveolar parameters in African American and Caucasian women: A retrospective pilot study

Abstract

Purpose The primary objective of this study was to analyze the thickness and height of alveolar bone around the maxillary and mandibular incisors. Additionally, this study aimed to compare bone parameters between Caucasian (CC) and African American (AA) female patients. Materials and Methods In this retrospective pilot study, 50 female subjects (25 CC and 25 AA) were included. The inclusion criteria were AA or CC women between the ages of 18 and 50 with a normo-divergent facial pattern and Angle's class I, end-on class II, or mild class III malocclusion. The distance from the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) to the buccal and lingual alveolar crest; the alveolar ridge thickness at the mid-root and apex; and the buccal and lingual bone thickness at 3, 6, and 9 mm from the CEJ were measured. Results No significant difference was found ( P >0.05) in the cortical bone thickness at 3 mm, 6 mm, or 9 mm from the alveolar crest between CC and AA populations for most measurements. A significant difference in bone thickness was found ( P <0.05) for the lingual surface of the central incisor, with maxillary bone thickness found to be higher than mandibular bone thickness. The measurements of lingual thickness were larger than those of buccal thickness for both races. Conclusion There were no differences in maxillomandibular anterior alveolar bone measurements between normo-divergent adult AA and CC women, except for a few parameters at varying locations. However, future studies can be planned based the current pilot study data, which may provide valuable information.

Anatomical Patterns of the Nasopalatine Canal and Incisive Foramen in an African Setting: A Cross-Sectional Study

“…One study reported a significant difference in alveolar ridge thickness between the African Americans and Caucasians, with the former exhibiting thinner ridges at the apex for both the central and lateral incisors. 28 Similar to that reported by numerous authors, the bony dimensions demonstrated increment from the region of the alveolar crest to the level of the nasal spine. Males generally had a thicker bone in comparison to females; hence, females may require more precautions during implant insertion to avoid perforation of the NPC or buccal cortex, especially in the mid canal region.…”

Anatomical Patterns of the Nasopalatine Canal and Incisive Foramen in an African Setting – a Cross-sectional Study

“…Equally important is the assessment of the adjacent anterior maxillary bone thickness. One study reported a signi cant difference in alveolar ridge thickness between the African Americans and Caucasians, with the former exhibiting thinner ridges at the apex for both the central and lateral incisors [21]. Similar to that reported by numerous authors, the bony dimensions demonstrated increment from the region of the alveolar crest to the level of the nasal spine.…”

Analysis of the morphology of the maxillary alveolar process in relation to the upper incisor inclination based on CBCT – a retrospective study

“…The amount of information on the position of the upper incisors and their position in the alveolar bone continues to increase in the literature (1,11,(13)(14)(15)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27).…”

“…Natomiast przechylanie lub cofanie zębów dolnych siecznych zmniejsza liczbę i zaawansowanie recesji od strony przedsionkowej nawet u osób z brakiem optymalnej higieny i obecnością stanu zapalnego przyzębia (10). W okolicy siekaczy kość wyrostka zębodołowego przedniego odcinka szczęki jest grubsza niż żuchwy, a kąty inklinacji siekaczy szczęki mają znaczną różnorodność jeszcze przed rozpoczęciem leczenia ortodontycznego, od klasycznie retruzyjnie ustawionych siekaczy górnych u pacjentów z II klasą podgrupą 2, do protruzyjnie ustawionych siekaczy w wyniku mechanizmu kompensacji zębowo-wyrostkowej u większości pacjentów III-klasowych (11,12).…”

“…In the area of the incisors, the alveolar process bone of the maxillary anterior region is thicker than that of the mandibular region, and the inclination angles of the maxillary incisors vary even before orthodontic treatment has started: from classically retrusive upper incisors in patients with Class II subgroup 2 to protrusive incisors as a result of the mechanism of dentoalveolar compensation in most patients with Class III (11,12).…”