Comparison of Analyses of Eight Roman Orichalcum Coin Fragments by Seven Methods

Carter, G. F.; Caley, Earle R.; Carlson, Janice H.; Carriveau, Gary W.; Hughes, Michael J.; Rengan, K.; Segebade, Christian

doi:10.1111/j.1475-4754.1983.tb00677.x

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The coin surface will, therefore, reveal great divergence from the composition in the core . Due to preferential removal of copper, surface depletion is mostly observed since copper and silver are only slightly miscible in one another (in solid solution) …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides, conservation treatment of silver‐copper coins may also lead to the superficial enrichment of silver on the surface due to oxidation of copper . Since surface enrichment or depletion phenomenon is very common in ancient silver coins, the X‐ray beams preferentially applied for composition may not analyze the core as it cannot penetrate the sample more than ten of micrometer and such results may not be reliable sometimes. However, the silver coins with very thin corrosion layer or without any surface alteration were successfully analyzed by X‐rays without any polishing or surface treatment …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Examination and analysis of Indian silver punch‐marked coins employing WD‐XRF and other noninvasive techniques

Mamania¹,

Singh

Lal³

2018

Surface & Interface Analysis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The archaeometallurgical analysis of ancient silver coins provides useful information regarding fabrication methodology, provenance, and trade route and explains large diversification in elementary composition, weight, and physical features. The present investigation deals with the chemical analysis and examination of the processing history of Indian punch-marked silver coins dating to 400-200 BC. The chemical analysis was carried out by wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). The microstructural examination was performed using field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and different phases were identified by Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) Spectroscopy. It was observed that all eight coins were manufactured with silvercopper alloy. The ore used for obtaining silver was argentiferous galena, and cupellation was carried with perfection. The absence of slag inclusions as revealed by SEM examination indicated that coins (numbers 2, 4, 5, and 7) were cast from a molten state. The presence of Cu 2 O, CuO, and Ag 2 O on the surfaces of the coins was confirmed by XRD.The formed oxide layers provided protection and saved the coins from bulky corrosion products. The data reveal great divergence of coin surface from the composition of the core with the far better metallurgical process for refining of silver for this hoard.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examination and analysis of Indian silver punch‐marked coins employing WD‐XRF and other noninvasive techniques

Mamania¹,

Singh

Lal³

2018

Surface & Interface Analysis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Nevertheless, the discrepancies among the methods are considerably less at present compared to earlier investigations (e.g., Chase ; Carter et al . ). The deviations are mainly for elements that are not basic for bronze.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This problem has been acknowledged and periodically discussed in the scientific literature (Chase ; Carter et al . ; Harbottle ; Northover and Rychner ; Franke ). An additional handicap in performing comparative studies is the lack of information in the majority of archaeometric papers concerning the use and analysis of Certified Reference Materials (CRMs) for accuracy evaluation or calibration (see, e.g., Kuleff and Djingova ; Hein et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of analytical techniques for analysis of archaeological bronze

2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

While many analyses of archaeological bronzes have been reported in the literature, in practice it is very difficult to compare them. To assess the present status of the chemical analysis of bronze two ancient objects-a flat axe (arsenic bronze) and a sickle (tin bronze)-were cut into pieces weighing about 2 g each and were distributed to 11 laboratories. The participants used the following methods for analysis: INAA, ED-XRF, PIXE, TRXRF, FAAS, ICP-AES, ICP-MS, SEM-EDS, LA-ICP-MS and PGAA. The samples were analysed in at least quadruplicate. Dixon's and Iglewicz and Hoaglin's tests were used to detect outliers. The majority of methods provided comparable results, especially for macroelements, independent of the technique and standards used. The number of determined elements depended on the method and, naturally, on the concentration level. Therefore an important recommendation that can be made is to supply, with each archaeometric investigation, data from the analysis of appropriate Certified Reference Materials (CRMs) used in the study.

show abstract

“…Secondary emission energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), a noninvasive technique capable of determining elemental surface composition, was used to ascertain the nature of the alloy. XRF is a well-established technique and due to its nondestructive capabilities has proven to be invaluable in the study of art objects (Barbour and Glinsman 1992;Sturman and Berrie 1989;Carter et al 1983; Chase 1974). XRF provides rapid, simultaneous, multi-element analyses and, when compared with appropriate standards, can be used quantitatively as well as qualitatively.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multivarlite Analysis of Renaissance Portrait Medals: An Expanded Nomenclature for Defining Alloy Composition

Glinsman

Hayek

1993

Archaeometry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study gathered and reported compositional and descriptive analyses of over 200 Italian Renaissance portrait medals in the collection of the National Gallery of Art, Washington A statistical model was developed for allocation of these medals into meaningful assemblages, using the surface alloy composition, and an expanded nomenclature was formulated. Copper, zinc, tin and lead were the primary elements found to combine to form a wide range of alloys, Common impurities were discovered to be significantly lower in the sixteenth‐century medals when compared with those in the fifteenth‐century medals. Renaissance medallists had an extensive knowledge of metallurgy and could produce a variety of alloys without the use of modern technology.

show abstract

Comparison of Analyses of Eight Roman Orichalcum Coin Fragments by Seven Methods

Cited by 15 publications

References 9 publications

Examination and analysis of Indian silver punch‐marked coins employing WD‐XRF and other noninvasive techniques

Examination and analysis of Indian silver punch‐marked coins employing WD‐XRF and other noninvasive techniques

Comparison of analytical techniques for analysis of archaeological bronze

A Multivarlite Analysis of Renaissance Portrait Medals: An Expanded Nomenclature for Defining Alloy Composition

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About