Comparing Different Modalities of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation to Standard of Care Treatment for Recurrent Clostridium difficile Infection - A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Khan, Muhammad Yasir; Dirweesh, Ahmed; Siddiqui, Waqas Javed

doi:10.14309/00000434-201810001-02745

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Animal experiments have shown that the effects can extend to many organ systems besides the intestines . FMT has been used to treat recurrent Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) . However, the mode of action and effect of FMT in UC remains unclear, and additional studies are needed to overcome several challenges for improving the clinical application of FMT …”

Section: Therapeutic Strategy Of Fmt In Uc and Controversymentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota in ulcerative colitis: insights on pathogenesis and treatment

Guo

Liu

Hao

2020

J of Digest Diseases

137

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Gut microbiota constitute the largest reservoir of the human microbiome and are an abundant and stable ecosystem—based on its diversity, complexity, redundancy, and host interactions This ecosystem is indispensable for human development and health. The integrity of the intestinal mucosal barrier depends on its interactions with gut microbiota. The commensal bacterial community is implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC). The dysbiosis of microbes is characterized by reduced biodiversity, abnormal composition of gut microbiota, altered spatial distribution, as well as interactions among microbiota, between different strains of microbiota, and with the host. The defects in microecology, with the related metabolic pathways and molecular mechanisms, play a critical role in the innate immunity of the intestinal mucosa in UC. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been used to treat many diseases related to gut microbiota, with the most promising outcome reported in antibiotic‐associated diarrhea, followed by IBD. This review evaluated the results of various reports of FMT in UC. The efficacy of FMT remains highly controversial, and needs to be regularized by integrated management, standardization of procedures, and individualization of treatment.

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Section: Therapeutic Strategy Of Fmt In Uc and Controversymentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota in ulcerative colitis: insights on pathogenesis and treatment

Guo

Liu

Hao

2020

J of Digest Diseases

137

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“…Statins, common cholesterol‐lowering drugs used as first‐line agents for coronary disease prevention, have been reported to alter the BA pool and to reduce butyrate production in the intestine (Caparros‐Martin, et al , ). HFD‐fed rats treated with atorvastatin showed reduced levels of Firmicutes and relatively increased levels of Proteobacteria , as well as reversion of the levels of some dominant taxa towards their levels in the normal chow diet‐fed control rats (Khan et al , ,). These studies highlight that CVD interventions can exert gut microbiota‐modifying effects and may have implications for the host pathophysiology (Table ).…”

Section: Interactions Between the Gut Microbiota And Cvdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a possible therapeutic intervention designed to inhibit intestinal pathogens via the transfer of functional bacteria from healthy subjects into the gastrointestinal tract of patients, consequently reconstituting the normal functions of the gut microbiota (Gallo, et al , ). Numerous studies demonstrate that FMT is effective in the treatment of refractory and recurrent Clostridium difficile infection (van Nood, et al , ; Youngster, et al , ; Khan, et al , ), likely via a secondary bile acid‐dependent mechanism (Buffie, et al , ). In an experimental autoimmune myocarditis mouse model, FMT could rebalance the gut microbiota community and attenuate myocarditis‐associated myocardial injury (Hu, et al , ).…”

Section: Gut Microbiota Interventions For Cvdmentioning

confidence: 99%

The gut microbiota and its interactions with cardiovascular disease

Wang

Feng

et al. 2020

Microbial Biotechnology

102

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Summary The intestine is colonized by a considerable community of microorganisms that cohabits within the host and plays a critical role in maintaining host homeostasis. Recently, accumulating evidence has revealed that the gut microbial ecology plays a pivotal role in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Moreover, the effects of imbalances in microbe–host interactions on homeostasis can lead to the progression of CVD. Alterations in the composition of gut flora and disruptions in gut microbial metabolism are implicated in the pathogenesis of CVD. Furthermore, the gut microbiota functions like an endocrine organ that produces bioactive metabolites, including trimethylamine/trimethylamine N‐oxide, short‐chain fatty acids and bile acids, which are also involved in host health and disease via numerous pathways. Thus, the gut microbiota and its metabolic pathways have attracted growing attention as a therapeutic target for CVD treatment. The fundamental purpose of this review was to summarize recent studies that have illustrated the complex interactions between the gut microbiota, their metabolites and the development of common CVD, as well as the effects of gut dysbiosis on CVD risk factors. Moreover, we systematically discuss the normal physiology of gut microbiota and potential therapeutic strategies targeting gut microbiota to prevent and treat CVD.

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“…FMT may also colonize missing flora after vancomycin exposure with priority to restore the dysbiosis. For recurrent of Clostridium difficile infection, several researchers have suggested that FMT is a superior method to oral vancomycin for the treatment [21,22], and combinations of them would be a better choice attributed to restore the intestinal microbiota [23,24]. The clinical application of FMT also includes inflammatory bowel disease, diabetes mellitus, liver cirrhosis, gut-brain disease, and others [54].…”

Section: Fmt Restored Microbiome Composition and Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is the introduction of feces from a healthy donor into the intestinal tract of someone with disrupted microbiota, which has been confirmed superior to oral vancomycin for the treatment of Clostridium difficile infection [21,22]. And combination of FMT with vancomycin could be a better choice to treat this kind of infection [23,24].…”

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confidence: 99%

Human disease-related pathways increasing with opportunistic pathogens bloom in intestinal microbiome after vancomycin exposure and restoration with fecal transplantation by simulator of the human intestinal microbial ecosystem (SHIME)

Liu

Wang

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background: Antibiotics are growing reported to cause human intestinal microbial disorders with increasing abundances of opportunistic pathogens, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been confirmed to restore the dysbiosis of gut flora in many kinds of intestinal disease. However, to date, few studies have focused on the bloomed opportunistic pathogens associated human disease-related pathways as well as antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) after vancomycin exposure, and there is limited information on using FMT for restoration of intestinal microbiome affected by antibiotics. Methods: This study investigated effects of vancomycin on the opportunistic pathogens, human disease-related pathways as well as ARGs in human gut, and the restoration of intestinal microbiome by FMT. Using the simulator of the human intestinal microbial ecosystem (SHIME), two reactors (representing the ascending and descending colon, respectively) were inoculated with human intestinal microbiota from a healthy adult volunteer who did not suffer from gastrointestinal diseases or take any antibiotic in the previous six months. Samples were collected from the reactors at six-time points (before treatment, after seven days of individual 10 mg/L, 100 mg/L, 1000 mg/L vancomycin treatment, 14 days following the termination of vancomycin and 14 days following FMT). The intestinal microbiome composition and function were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and High-throughput Quantitative PCR (HT-qPCR).Results: Vancomycin treatment substantially increased human disease-related pathways and decreased abundances of ARGs. Besides, the bloomed opportunistic pathogens including Achromobacter, Klebsiella, and Pseudomonas, caused by vancomycin exposure, were positively correlated with human disease-related pathways. The microbiota abundance and genes of human disease-related pathways and antibiotic resistance showed a remarkable return towards baseline after FMT, but not for natural recovery. Conclusions: These findings suggest that impacts of vancomycin on human gut are profound and FMT will be a promising strategy in clinical application that can restore the dysbiosis of gut microbiota, which may be valuable for directing future work.

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Comparing Different Modalities of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation to Standard of Care Treatment for Recurrent Clostridium difficile Infection - A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Gut microbiota in ulcerative colitis: insights on pathogenesis and treatment

Gut microbiota in ulcerative colitis: insights on pathogenesis and treatment

The gut microbiota and its interactions with cardiovascular disease

Human disease-related pathways increasing with opportunistic pathogens bloom in intestinal microbiome after vancomycin exposure and restoration with fecal transplantation by simulator of the human intestinal microbial ecosystem (SHIME)

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