Comparative study on micro-pore structure of marine, terrestrial, and transitional shales in key areas, China

Yang, Chao; Zhang, Jinchuan; Tang, Xuan; Ding, Jiexiong; Zhao, Qianru; Dang, Wei; Chen, Haoyu; Su, Yang; Li, Bowen; Lu, Detang

doi:10.1016/j.coal.2016.12.001

Cited by 160 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The fractal dimension (D) can be calculated through the following equation: D = λ + 3 [33,[57][58][59][60][61][62]. According to previous studies [63], when the fractal dimension of rock is between two and three, it accords with the fractal meaning of pore system.…”

Section: Fhh Fractal Dimensionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pore Structure and Fractal Characteristics of Different Shale Lithofacies in the Dalong Formation in the Western Area of the Lower Yangtze Platform

et al. 2020

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The purpose of this article was to quantitatively investigate the pore structure and fractal characteristics of different lithofacies in the upper Permian Dalong Formation marine shale. Shale samples in this study were collected from well GD1 in the Lower Yangtze region for mineral composition, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and nitrogen adsorption–desorption analysis, as well as broad-ion beam scanning electron microscopy (BIB-SEM) observation. Experimental results showed that the TOC (total organic carbon) content and vitrinite reflectance (Ro) of the investigated shale samples were in the ranges 1.18–6.45% and 1.15–1.29%, respectively, showing that the Dalong Formation shale was in the mature stage. XRD results showed that the Dalong Formation shale was dominated by quartz ranging from 38.4% to 54.3%, followed by clay minerals in the range 31.7–37.5%, along with carbonate minerals (calcite and dolomite), with an average value of 9.6%. Based on the mineral compositions of the studied samples, the Dalong Formation shale can be divided into two types of lithofacies, namely siliceous shale facies and clay–siliceous mixed shale facies. In siliceous shale facies, which were mainly composed of organic pores, the surface area (SA) and pore volume (PV) were in the range of 5.20–10.91 m2/g and 0.035–0.046 cm3/g, respectively. Meanwhile, the pore size distribution (PSD) and fractal dimensions were in the range 14.2–26.1 nm and 2.511–2.609, respectively. I/S (illite-smectite mixed clay) was positively correlated with SA, PV, and fractal dimensions, while illite had a negative relationship with SA, PV, and fractal dimensions. I/S had a strong catalytic effect on organic matter for hydrocarbon generation, which was beneficial to the development of organic micropores, so I/S was conducive to pore structure complexity and the increase in SA and PV, while illite easily filled organic pores, which was not beneficial to the improvement of pore space. In clay–siliceous mixed shale facies, which mainly develop inorganic pores such as intergranular pores, SA and PV were in the range of 6.71–11.38 m2/g and 0.030–0.041 cm3/g, respectively. Meanwhile, PSD and fractal dimensions were in the range of 14.3–18.9 nm and 2.563–2.619, respectively. Quartz and I/S showed weak positive correlations with SA, PV, and fractal dimensions. The various compact modes between quartz particles and the disorder of I/S were conducive to the complexity of pore structure and the improvement of SA and PV. The research findings can provide a reference for the optimization and evaluation of shale gas favorable area of the Lower Yangtze Platform.

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Section: Fhh Fractal Dimensionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pores associated with brittle minerals mainly consist of inter-crystalline pores, intergranular pores, and dissolution pores. It needs to be emphasized that the development degree of each kind of pores would decrease due to compaction, especially in the late stage of diagenesis [28,32,33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pore Structure and Fractal Characteristics of Different Shale Lithofacies in the Dalong Formation in the Western Area of the Lower Yangtze Platform

et al. 2020

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“…However, the exploration and development of transitional facies shale gas resources are still at an early stage. Transitional facies shales, containing both marine and continental shales, differ substantially according to their tectonicsedimentary evolution, and their geochemical, reservoir, and gas-bearing characteristics (Bao et al, 2016;Yang et al, 2017;Zhang et al, 2008Zhang et al, , 2017. Transitional facies shale gas reservoirs in China are mainly distributed in North China, the Tarim Basin, and the Sichuan Basin, and the primary section for development is the Carboniferous-Permian.…”

Section: Introduction and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Geology and transitional shale gas resource potentials in the Ningwu Basin, China

Xu²,

Jiang

et al. 2018

Energy Exploration & Exploitation

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We analyzed the tectonic evolution characteristics, sedimentary environment, geochemical characteristics, petrological characteristics, and gas-bearing properties of three mudstone sections of the Lower Paleozoic in Ningwu Basin, NE China, and determined the geologic characteristics and resource potential of the transitional facies shale gas. Geochemical analysis of the organic carbon content, kerogen macerals, and vitrinite reflectance of the shale samples showed that the total organic content was generally over 2.0%, the main organic type was type III, and the vitrinite reflectance values (Ro) were between 1.20 and 1.90%. Thus, the mudstones are good shale gas source rocks. The thickness of the three mudstone sections was approximately 30-70 m, and the average porosity was 3.10%. The pore types were diverse with good reservoir capacity. The shale gas resources of the Carboniferous-Permian transitional facies estimated by the volumetric method were approximately 2798.97 Â 10 8 -4643.09 Â 10 8 m 3. Through a comparison with shales in SW China, where shale gas has been successfully exploited, we determined the preferred criteria for favorable shale gas areas, as well as favorable areas for shale gas enrichment.

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“…As reviewed by Mirzaei-Paiaman and Saboorian-Jooybari (2016) and Deng et al (2016), among various methods, FZI or the modified FZI method is considered as the most effective and widely-used method for classifing HFUs for various types of reservoirs, such as sandstone (Wargo et al, 2013), tight gas (Xie et al, 2010;Aguilera, 2014), carbonate Yang et al, 2017) and shale (Aguilera, 2010;Nie et al, 2015;Deng et al, 2016).…”

Section: Pore Type and Hfusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of digital core analysis and hydraulic flow units in petrophysical characterization

Chen

Zhou

2017

Adv. Geo-Energ. Res.

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Conventional petrophysical characterizations are often based on direct laboratory measurements. Although they provide accurate results, such measurements are time-consuming and limited by instrument and environment. What's more, in the georesource energy industry, availability and cuttings of core plugs are difficult. Because of these reasons, virtual digital core technology is of increasing interest due to its capability of characterizing rock samples without physical cores and experiments. Virtual digital core technology, also known as digital rock physics, is used to discover, understand and model relationships between material, fluid composition, rock microstructure and macro equivalent physical properties. Based on actual geological conditions, modern mathematical methods and imaging technology, the digital model of the core or porous media is created to carry out physical field numerical simulation. In this review, the methods for constructing digital porous media are introduced first, then the characterization of thin rock cross section and the capillary pressure curve using scanning electron microscope image under mixed wetting are presented. Finally, we summarize the hydraulic flow unit methods in petrophysical classification.Keywords: Digital core, porous media, petrophysical characterization, thin section, mercury injection capillary pressure.Citation: Chen, X., Zhou, Y. Applications of digital core analysis and hydraulic flow units in petrophysical characterization. Adv.

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Comparative study on micro-pore structure of marine, terrestrial, and transitional shales in key areas, China

Cited by 160 publications

References 53 publications

Pore Structure and Fractal Characteristics of Different Shale Lithofacies in the Dalong Formation in the Western Area of the Lower Yangtze Platform

Pore Structure and Fractal Characteristics of Different Shale Lithofacies in the Dalong Formation in the Western Area of the Lower Yangtze Platform

Geology and transitional shale gas resource potentials in the Ningwu Basin, China

Applications of digital core analysis and hydraulic flow units in petrophysical characterization

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