Comparative study of very virulent infectious bursal disease virus induced bursal pathology in experimentally infected Indian native Aseel and exotic White Leghorn chicken

Prabhu, Shyama N.; Singh, Amritpal; Varghese, Berin P.; Kumar, Manoj; Palanivelu, M.; Dhama, Kuldeep; Singh, S. D.; Singh, R.

doi:10.5958/0973-970x.2017.00022.0

Cited by 2 publications

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“…However, chickens in the vaccinated Aseel group showed relatively normal bursal architecture. There are reports [ 42 ] suggesting a significantly higher mean Bursa Body Weight Ratio (BBWR) in nonvaccinated challenged WLH than the control birds, while the pre-infection bursal index of WLH was reported greater than Aseel birds. The spleens from chickens in the vaccinated Aseel group were nearly normal throughout the study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Study of Pathology and Host Immune Response Induced by Very Virulent Infectious Bursal Disease Virus in Experimentally Infected Chickens of Aseel and White Leghorn Breeds

et al. 2020

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Indigenous breeds of young chickens in India are believed to be resistant to the classical strain of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). However, the mechanism underlying this resistance is obscure. Innate immunity is a key factor in defining the clinical course and pathology of microbial infections. The present study is aimed to compare the pathology of very virulent IBDV (vvIBDV) and immunological host response in experimentally infected - vaccinated and unvaccinated indigenous Aseel and commercial White Leghorn chickens. The viral loads and innate immune gene expression profiles of MDA-5, Mx, IFN-α, and IFN-β in different lymphoid organs were analyzed by quantitative PCR. The histopathological scores in Aseel birds were lower than in White Leghorns despite comparable viral loads. The degrees of histopathological lesions were fewer in vaccinated birds than in unvaccinated birds of both breeds. Analysis of innate immune response genes revealed that the cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor MDA-5 gene was overexpressed mainly in the cecal tonsils of both vaccinated and nonvaccinated White Leghorn chickens. An increase in the expression of the IFN-α gene was seen in the cecal tonsils of Aseels, and an increase in IFN-β gene expression was seen in the thymuses of White Leghorns following vvIBDV challenge both in vaccinated and nonvaccinated birds. In addition, we observed that the Mx gene plays a minimal role, if any, in vvIBDV infection of the breeds under study. It remains interesting and important that although vvIBDV causes disease in indigenous Aseel birds, the faster clearance and reduced pathology of the virus in Aseel birds compared to White Leghorn chicken indicate some unidentified innate immune factors that are limiting IBDV in this breed. Further studies will be required to correlate kinetics of humoral and cellular immune response in relation to the virus load in different organs to illuminate the mechanism of genetic resistance in native breeds of chicken.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Study of Pathology and Host Immune Response Induced by Very Virulent Infectious Bursal Disease Virus in Experimentally Infected Chickens of Aseel and White Leghorn Breeds

et al. 2020

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“…The pathogenicity and pathology of vvIBDVs isolated in Europe, Asia, North and South America have been studied under experimental conditions (Scanavini et al, 2004;Williams & Davison, 2005;Jackwood et al, 2016;Prabhu et al, 2017). However, under both experimental and natural conditions, such studies on vvIBDV strains detected in Africa have not been well investigated as most studies have focused on the molecular epidemiology of the disease.…”

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confidence: 99%

Characterization of field infectious bursal disease viruses in Zambia: evidence of co-circulation of multiple genotypes with predominance of very virulent strains

et al. 2018

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Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is a highly contagious, immunosuppressive disease of chickens and causes substantial economic losses to the poultry industry globally. This study investigated the genetic characteristics and pathological lesions induced by IBD viruses (IBDVs) that were associated with 60 suspected outbreaks in chickens during 2015-2016 in Lusaka Province, Zambia. Nucleotide sequences of VP2 hypervariable region (VP2-HVR) (n = 38) and part of VP1 (n = 37) of Zambian IBDVs were phylogenetically analysed. Phylogenetic analysis of the VP2-HVR and VP1 revealed that most viruses (n = 31 of each genome segment) clustered with the very virulent (vv) strains. The rest of the viruses clustered with the classical strains, with two of the viruses being closely related to attenuated vaccine isolates. Two of the viruses that belonged to the vv genotype had a unique amino acid (aa) substitution Q324L whereas one virus had two unique changes, N280S and E300A in the VP2-HVR aa sequence. Although Zambian strains with a vv genotype possessed virulence marker aa within VP1 at 145T, 146D and 147N, two viruses showed unique substitutions, with one virus having 147T while the other had 147H. Pathologically, it was noted that only viruses with a vv genotype appeared to be associated with inducing pathological lesions in non-lymphoid organs (proventriculus and gizzard). Whilst documenting for the first time the presence of classical virulent IBDVs, this study demonstrates the involvement of multiple genotypes, with predominance of vvIBDVs in the epidemiology of IBD in Zambia.

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Comparative study of very virulent infectious bursal disease virus induced bursal pathology in experimentally infected Indian native Aseel and exotic White Leghorn chicken

Cited by 2 publications

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A Comparative Study of Pathology and Host Immune Response Induced by Very Virulent Infectious Bursal Disease Virus in Experimentally Infected Chickens of Aseel and White Leghorn Breeds

A Comparative Study of Pathology and Host Immune Response Induced by Very Virulent Infectious Bursal Disease Virus in Experimentally Infected Chickens of Aseel and White Leghorn Breeds

Characterization of field infectious bursal disease viruses in Zambia: evidence of co-circulation of multiple genotypes with predominance of very virulent strains

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