Comparative Study of the Antimicrobial Properties of Fresh and Freeze-Dried Leaf and Seed of Buccholzia coriacea

Abstract

The utilization of plant materials as alternative therapies to control pathogenic bacteria has recently attracted. The effect of the fresh seed, freeze-dried seed, fresh leaf and freeze-dried leaf of using ethanol and aqueous extracts was tested on some organisms using standard laboratory procedures. The bacteria used were Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Klebsella pneumonia and oryzae, while the fungi used were Trichoderma harzionium, Fusconium oxysporium, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium notatum. The results showed that the ethanol extracts of B. coriacea fresh seed showed inhibitory zones ranging from 2–12 mm, while the aqueous extract showed inhibitory zones ranging from 2-10 mm. The ethanol extracts of B. coriacea freeze dried seed showed inhibitory zones ranging from 5–38 mm, while the aqueous extract showed inhibitory zones ranging from 4-36 mm. The ethanol extracts of B. coriacea fresh leaf showed inhibitory zones ranging from 2–26 mm, while the aqueous extract showed inhibitory zones ranging from 2-24 mm. The aqueous and ethanol extracts of B. coriacea freeze dried leaf showed inhibitory zones ranging from 3-40mm respectively. The study conclude that the aqueous and ethanol extract of freeze dried seed of B. coriacea showed better antifungal and antibacterial activity against the test organisms compared with the aqueous and ethanol extract of fresh seed of B. coriacea. Similarly, the aqueous and ethanol extract of freeze dried leaf of B. coriacea showed better antifungal and antibacterial activity against the test organisms compared with the aqueous and ethanol extract of fresh leaf of B. coriacea. The ethanol extract showed better antifungal and antibacterial activity than aqueous extract.

Proximate, mineral and antioxidant activity of wonderful kola (Buchholzia coriacea) seed (fresh and freeze-dried)

“…The powder was used to prepare aqueous, ethanol and acetone extracts of fresh seed and freeze dried seed respectively. The extracts were prepared in different concentrations; 10 mg/ml, 20mg/ml, and 30mg/ml respectively [17] .…”

“…The weighed sample was soaked in 1 litre of ethanol in a conical flask, mixed and left for 24 hours with interval stirring. The mixture was filtered using Whatman No.1 filter paper into a clean beaker and the ethanol was recovered using a Soxhlet apparatus and was evaporated to dryness using a steam bath at 100 0 C [17] . The leaf sample was prepared same way as the seed as described above.…”

“…The mixtures were vigorously swirled. After the elapse of 24 hours with interval stirring, the mixture was filtered using Whatman No.1 filter paper into a clean beaker, and the filtrate was concentrated to dryness by evaporation using the steam bath at 100 0 C [17] . The leaf sample was prepared same way as the seed as described above.…”