Comparative study of liquid–liquid extraction in miniaturized channels over other conventional extraction methods

Nandagopal, M. S. Giri; Antony, Rahul; Selvaraju, N.

doi:10.1007/s00542-014-2391-5

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Microchemical technologies could be the best alternative for conventional batch reactor systems. Nandagopal et al 168 compared various process intensification tools and reported that microsystems require nearly half the time to achieve maximum extraction percentage than conventional reactors. The order of mass transfer improvement in these strategies are, slug-based extraction > ultrasonic-assisted extraction > microwaveassisted extraction > batch extraction.…”

Section: Energy Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanomaterials: stimulants for biofuels and renewables, yield and energy optimization

et al. 2021

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Section: Energy Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The order of mass transfer improvement in these strategies are, slug-based extraction > ultrasonic-assisted extraction > microwaveassisted extraction > batch extraction. 168…”

Section: Energy Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomaterials: stimulants for biofuels and renewables, yield and energy optimization

et al. 2021

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“…For processes that require liquid-liquid mass transfer, immiscible mixtures are typically chosen, and phase transfer then relies on the diffusion of target molecules across the liquid-liquid interface. [9][10][11][12] Different approaches have been developed to enhance transfer rates, either based on passive mixers, such as stream splitters 13 or ridges, 14,15 or active mixers, including bubblers, 16 magnetic bar micromixers 9,17 and magnetic fields to induce diffusion. 18 In contrast, the use of temperature manipulation to achieve control over microfluidic properties has only been explored to a somewhat limited extend.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluidics of binary liquid mixtures with temperature-dependent miscibility

Fornerod

Amstad

Guldin

2020

Mol. Syst. Des. Eng.

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Liquid-liquid microfluidic systems rely on the intricate control over the fluid properties of either miscible or immiscible mixtures. Herein, we report on the use of partially miscible binary liquid mixtures that lend their microfluidic properties from a highly temperature-sensitive mixing and phase separation behaviour. For a blend composed of the thermotropic liquid crystal 4-cyano-4′-pentylbiphenyl (5CB) and methanol, mixing at temperatures above the upper critical solution temperature (UCST; 24.4°C) leads to a uniform single phase while partial mixing can be achieved at temperatures below the UCST. Thermally-driven phase separation inside the microfluidic channels results in the spontaneous formation of very regular phase arrangements, namely in droplets, plug, slug and annular flow. We map different flow regimes and relate findings to the role of interfacial tension and viscosity and their temperature dependence. Importantly, different flow regimes can be achieved at constant channel architecture and flow rate by varying the temperature of the blend. A consistent behaviour is observed for a binary liquid mixture with lower critical solution temperature, namely 2,6-lutidine and water. This temperature-responsive approach to microfluidics is an interesting candidate for multi-stage processes, selective extraction and sensing applications.358 | Mol. Syst. Des. Eng., 2020, 5, 358-365 This journal isMicrofluidic processes generally rely on the handling of either miscible or immiscible liquid mixtures. In this work, we introduce a novel temperaturebased microfluidic concept that is driven by and engineered through the underlying molecular characteristics rather than active or passive components on the microchannel architecture. We demonstrate how the temperature-dependent properties of regular solutions, namely miscibility, interfacial tension and viscosity, enable the detailed control over mixing and the formation of highly regular flow patterns. Such systems allow seamless switching between mixed and phase separated states in distinct flow regimes, thus offering novel routes for complex multi-stage processes, selective extraction and sensing applications.

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“…In the past decades, microchannels and microfluidic devices have attracted increasing attention in various fields such as nanotechnology , medicinal , pharmaceutical , engineering , and natural product . Recently, microchannels are designed for use in LLE techniques . In this configuration, two immiscible solvents from two different pathways are moved to a collision point.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salt‐assisted liquid–liquid extraction in microchannel

Heydarzadeh

Givianrad

Heydari

et al. 2019

J of Separation Science

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In this study, for the first time, salt-assisted liquid-liquid extraction was performed in a microchannel system. The proposed design is based on the increase of contact surface area between target analytes and extracting phase during the sample and extracting phase transfer in microchannel. In this method, first sample solution, extracting solvent, and salt were mixed by stirrer and simultaneously delivered into a microchannel using a syringe pump. In order to optimize the influential parameters on the extraction efficiency of the proposed method, zidovudine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate were selected as model analytes. The main parameters such as extracting solvent and its volume, salt amount, pH of sample solution, and microchannel shape, length, and its inner diameter were investigated and optimized. Under the optimized conditions, the proposed method was linear in the range of 0.1-30 μg/mL and R 2 coefficients were equal to 0.9922 and 0.9947 for zidovudine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, respectively. Extraction efficiency of the proposed method was compared with conventional salt-assisted liquid-liquid extraction. The results show that the proposed design has higher extraction efficiency than conventional salt-assisted liquid-liquid extraction. Finally, the proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of zidovudine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in plasma samples. K E Y W O R D Smicrochannel, salt-assisted liquid-liquid extraction, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, zidovudine Article Related Abbreviations: ACN, acetonitrile; IPA, isopropanol; SALLE, salt-assisted liquid-liquid extraction; TDF, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate; THF, tetrahydrofuran; ZDV, zidovudine. unable to extract polar compounds. However, polar organic solvents such as acetonitrile (ACN), methanol, and acetone are suitable candidates for extraction of polar compounds. These organic solvents are water miscible and, thus, cannot be used for conventional LLE.The salt-assisted liquid-liquid extraction (SALLE) is a modified LLE method, which it used for extraction of polar compounds from the aqueous phase using the water-miscible organic solvents [1][2][3][4][5][6]. In the SALLE method, addition of an inorganic or organic salt into a mixture of aqueous sample and water-miscible organic solvent leads to the separation of organic solvent from the mixture and the formation of a twophase system [7][8][9][10][11]. Organic phase in the SALLE method

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Comparative study of liquid–liquid extraction in miniaturized channels over other conventional extraction methods

Cited by 21 publications

References 22 publications

Nanomaterials: stimulants for biofuels and renewables, yield and energy optimization

Nanomaterials: stimulants for biofuels and renewables, yield and energy optimization

Microfluidics of binary liquid mixtures with temperature-dependent miscibility

Salt‐assisted liquid–liquid extraction in microchannel

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