Comparative study of CdS&TiO₂ based polyaniline/polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposites as electrode for supercapacitors

Abstract

The researchers used the oxidative chemical polymerization of aniline to prepare the polyaniline/polyvinyl alcohol (PANI/PVA) blend and its nanocomposites loaded with cadmium sulfide and Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (CdS-NPs & TiO2-NPs) were synthesized by aniline oxidative chemical polymerization. CdS and TiO2 were incorporated into the prepared nanocomposite to reinforce the mechanical and electrical energy storage performance. XRD revealed the presence of CdS NPs & TiO2 NPs in the polymer matrix; meanwhile, SEM confirms they are well dispersion in the polymer matrix and are dispersed well on the superficies of the synthesized nanocomposites. The presence of characteristic peaks in the Fourier transforms infrared proved the compatibility of the investigated nanocomposite. The analysis of the cyclic voltammetry, CV, confirms the possibility of using the synthesized nanocomposites as a supercapacitor electrode in a 2 M KOH electrolyte. A broadband dielectric spectroscopy was used to examine the electrical and dielectric properties of the prepared samples over a broad range of frequencies and at four selected temperatures. Therefore, this study is devoted to shedding more light on the blend's performance and nanocomposites under investigation as an electrode or even solid electrolyte in superconductor technology. The study shows that the blend behaves similarly to its two nanocomposites in the activation plot. However, the blend has higher dc-conductivity by about four orders of magnitude, an electrode polarization is developed accompanied by apparently colossal of the  values. This makes it very promising for applications in many fields of advanced microelectronics.

Effect of gamma dose on dielectric and optical properties of ZnO/PVA.

“…First, 40 ml of deionized water was used to dissolve 4g of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) powder over the time of three hours at 70°C while stirring. Second, under steady magnetic stirring, a 0.2g of ZnO powder was added to the PVA solution [1]. The nanocomposite film was then produced by casting each blend into a Petri dish.…”

“…The electric modulus procedure, M*, was utilized to analyze the conductivity data in conductive polymer composites and ionic polymeric materials like PVA and reduce the electrode influence. The equation defines the complex electric modulus, M* in ref [1][2].…”

“…𝑥 (1) = 𝐸 𝑑 4𝜋𝐸 0 𝑛 (2) = 12𝜋 𝑥 (3) 𝑛 0 (10) The optical response of a material is mostly examined related to optical conductivity (ϭ), which is the electrical conductivity that comes from the movement of charge carriers caused by the incident electromagnetic waves' oscillating electric field. The following equation can be used to express the optical conductivity [23].…”

“…The use of polymer composite systems has been steadily increasing, due to their numerous potentials uses in the fields of sensors, dielectrics, bioplastics, biomedical applications, and coatings [1][2]. ZnO QDs are of major significance due to their notable characteristics, such as a wide direct energy gap of around 3.4 eV at ambient temperature, a significant exciton binding energy of 60 meV, and nontoxicity [3] A variety of synthetic methods for the preparation of ZnO, such as sol-gel process, direct precipitation, plasma synthesis, hydrothermal technique, synthesis via microwave and vapor transport process [4].…”

Structural, morphological, and electrochemical studies of Mg2SiO4-Pr6O11 nanocomposite for energy storage applications

“…Another reason for the implication of nanomaterials in the energy storage devices is that the kinetic processes of the energy storage devices such as batteries are mainly controlled by the mechanism which occurred within the device elements. Nanomaterials and nanocomposites are also helpful in the reduction of diffusion length and in the improvement of kinetic mechanisms, charge-discharge rate, and electron transport in the electrode material [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. The development of electrode materials with high energy densities is therefore very much needed for the improvement of energy storage devices.…”