Comparative Study of a CsI and a ZnSe(Te/O) Scintillation Detector’s Properties for a Gamma-ray Measurement

Cho, Yun Ho; Park, Se Hwan; Lee, Woo Gyo; Ha, Jang Ho; Kim, Han Soo; Starzinskiy, N.; Lee, Dong Hoon; Park, Sangsoo; Kim, Yong Kyun

doi:10.1080/00223131.2008.10875909

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Compared to many inorganic scintillators, ZnSe:O exhibits stability during irradiation with negligible afterglow and high scintillation intensity, which leads to negligible effect of the stem signal. 18 Furthermore,the decay time of 2-8 μs 19 is sufficiently fast for determining the spot and transition durations during PBS. The optical reader consisted of four individual lighttight enclosures (Figure 1b), one for each probe.…”

Section: The Detector Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time structure of pencil beam scanning proton FLASH beams measured with scintillator detectors and compared with log files

et al. 2022

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Purpose Key factors in FLASH treatments are the ultra‐high dose rate (UHDR) and the time structure of the beam delivery. Measurement of the time structure in pencil beam scanning (PBS) proton FLASH treatments is challenging for many types of detectors since high temporal resolution is needed. In this study, a fast scintillator detector system was developed and used to measure the individual spot durations as well as the time when the beam moves between two positions (transition duration) during PBS proton FLASH and UHDR treatments. The spot durations were compared with machine log‐file recordings. Methods A detector system based on inorganic scintillating crystals was developed. The system consisted of four detector probes made of a sub‐millimeter ZnSe:O crystal that was coupled via an optical fiber to an optical reader with 50 kHz sampling rate. The detector system was used in two experiments, both performed with a PBS proton beam with 250 MeV beam energy and 215 nA requested nozzle beam current. The sampling rate enabled multiple measurements during each spot delivery and during the beam transition between spots. First, the detector was tested in a phantom experiment, where a total of 305 scan sequences were delivered to the four detectors. The number of spots delivered without beam interruption in a single scan sequence ranged from one to 35. The spot duration and transition duration were measured for each individual spot. Secondly, the detector system was used in vivo in preclinical experiments with FLASH irradiation of mouse legs placed in the entrance plateau of the beam. A single detector was placed 1 cm downstream of the irradiated mouse leg. The mouse dose ranged from 30.5 to 44.2 Gy and the field consisted of 35 spots. The spot durations as well as the mean dose rate (field dose divided by the measured field duration) for each mouse were determined using the detector and then compared with the corresponding log files. Results The phantom experiment showed that the logged total duration of an uninterrupted spot sequence was consistently shorter than the measured duration with a difference of −0.252 ms (95% confidence interval: [‐0.255, −0.249 ms]). This corresponded to 0.05%–0.07% of the spot sequence duration in the mice experiments. For individual spots, the mean ± 1SD difference between logged and measured spot duration was −0.39 ± 0.05 ms for the first spot in a sequence, 0.13 ± 0.04 ms for the last spot in a sequence, and −0.0017 ± 0.09 ms for the intermediate spots in a sequence. The measured spot transition durations were 0.20 ± 0.04 ms (5.1 mm horizontal steps) and 0.50 ± 0.04 ms (5.0 mm vertical steps). For the mouse experiments, the mean dose rate calculated from the measured field duration was 84.1–92.5 Gy/s. It agreed with log files with a root mean square difference of 0.02 Gy/s. Conclusions Fiber‐coupled scintillator detectors were designed with sufficient temporal resolution to measure the spot and transition duration during PBS proton UHDR deliveries. Their small volume makes the...

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Section: The Detector Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time structure of pencil beam scanning proton FLASH beams measured with scintillator detectors and compared with log files

et al. 2022

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“…Now in case of oxides such as CdWO 4 (CWO), PbWO 4 (PWO), Bi 4 Ge 3 O 12 (BGO), Gd 2 SiO 5 (GSO), inherent low conversion efficiency is observed. So to overcome these problems, A II -B VI compounds with isovalent dopants are found to be suitable candidates [96,97].…”

Section: Znse As a Scintillatormentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on the progress of ZnSe as inorganic scintillator

Jagtap

Chopade

Tadepalli

et al. 2019

Opto-Electronics Review

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Modern scintillator detectors act as an efficient tool for detection and measurement of ionizing radiations. ZnSe based materials have been found to be a promising candidate for scintillation applications. These scintillators show much-needed scintillation efficiency along with advantages such as high thermal and radiation stability, less-toxicity, non-hygroscopicity, emissions in the visible range and small decay time etc. Further, in quantum confinement regime, they show improvement in luminescent properties and size dependent emissions. In this review article, the attempt has been made to trace the progress of ZnSe based materials towards highly efficient quantum dot scintillators. Here, the fundamental process of scintillation has been explained. Factors such as doping, annealing, heavy ion irradiation which affects the scintillation response of ZnSe based scintillators have also been discussed. Method of synthesis plays a key role in optimization of quantum dot properties. Hence, it has been tried to trace the development in methods of synthesis of quantum dots. With optimized synthesis, we can extend applications of these highly efficient quantum dot scintillators for various scientific and industrial applications.

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“…Spe cial con sid er ations must be taken into account to ex tend the life time of the de tec tors and any method to pre dict the life span of the ra di a tion de tectors is ap pre ci ated [3]. How ever, new solid state devices such as sil i con-PIN (Si-PIN) photodiodes have been widely used for de tect ing ion iz ing ra di a tion espe cially for the last de cade and they en coun ter a wide range of ap pli ca tions, from the mea sure ments of en viron men tal ra di a tion [4,5] to X-ray im ag ing [6,7] and other types of nu clear ra di a tion [8][9][10][11]. These de tectors can also be used at ac cel er a tor fa cil i ties for beam loss mon i tor ing and safety pur poses in beam tun nels [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A segmented neutron detector based on Silicon-PIN photodiodes using neutron-proton converters

et al. 2019

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A seg mented neu tron de tec tion sys tem based on win dow less sil i con-PIN photodiodes has been de signed and tested with var i ous hy dro gen rich con verter ma te ri als. Each chan nel from the seg mented struc ture uses an in de pend ent cus tom-made low noise charge sen si tive preamplifier and an OPAMP based shap ing am pli fier. Sig nals from each chan nel were dig itized us ing a fast, sin gle bit dig i tizer and the pulses from each chan nel were si mul ta neously recorded with an FPGA board. An AmBe neu tron source was used for the test mea sure ments and rel a tive neu tron de tec tion ef fi cien cies were de ter mined. This low-cost de tec tor can be used for mon i tor ing fast neu trons in re ac tors, ac cel er a tor fa cil i ties or med i cal cen ters us ing neu tron ther apy.

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Comparative Study of a CsI and a ZnSe(Te/O) Scintillation Detector’s Properties for a Gamma-ray Measurement

Cited by 18 publications

References 8 publications

Time structure of pencil beam scanning proton FLASH beams measured with scintillator detectors and compared with log files

Time structure of pencil beam scanning proton FLASH beams measured with scintillator detectors and compared with log files

A review on the progress of ZnSe as inorganic scintillator

A segmented neutron detector based on Silicon-PIN photodiodes using neutron-proton converters

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