Comparative safety of tetracycline, minocycline, and doxycycline

Abstract

Solvent evaporation technique is used for the preparation of Polylactic acid microspheres loaded with two antibiotics, Doxycycline and Tetracycline, by introducing different masses for each drug. They are characterized by calculation of drug encapsulation and drug loading, measuring the particle size, examining microspheres morphology, and performing FT-IR, stability and in vitro drug release studies. Moderate drug encapsulation values (38% and 24%) are observed for Doxycycline and Tetracycline respectively. Microspheres of both drugs show homogeneous size distribution varying between 80 and 110 µm. the FT-IR study has helped in verifying that both Doxycycline and the polymer are intact after microencapsulation. In the case of Tetracycline, it hasn't revealed any significant results due to the low loading values. After 6 months of storage at different conditions, no appreciable difference is observed concerning the degradation of microspheres. In vitro release of drugs from encapsulated Polylactic acid microspheres shows that Tetracycline release is slightly faster and reaches 98% in less than 5 hours, in comparison with Doxycycline which attains the same percentage after 7 hours. INTRODUCTION:Targeted drug delivery to a specific body site is of great benefit in the treatment of several diseases such as cancer, viral diseases, bacterial infections, and others 1 .Considerable approaches for producing novel drug delivery systems to target body sites are wide, such as liposomes, micelles, microspheres, and nanospheres.

Minocycline-Induced Lupus

“…Since the necessary serological tests had not yet become available, the authors were not able to conclude if these were de novo cases of SLE, an exacerbation of existing SLE or an observation of a new clinical entity (‘drug-induced lupus’). Since then, no case reports of tetracycline-associated (other than minocycline) lupus-like syndromes have been reported [18]. The fact that minocycline is more commonly used as long-term therapy in comparison with other tetracyclines, particularly in the treatment of acne vulgaris, may partially explain the particular association of minocycline with DIL [18].…”

“…Since then, no case reports of tetracycline-associated (other than minocycline) lupus-like syndromes have been reported [18]. The fact that minocycline is more commonly used as long-term therapy in comparison with other tetracyclines, particularly in the treatment of acne vulgaris, may partially explain the particular association of minocycline with DIL [18]. However, we identified 1 case in which a patient showed recurrence of DIL symptoms within 4 days after exposure to doxycycline, 6 months after a 2-year episode of minocycline-induced DIL [40].…”

“…Minocycline-related adverse effects include dose-dependent gastro-intestinal intolerance as well as a variety of hypersensitivity reactions, such as maculopapular, morbilliform or erythematous rashes, photosensitivity, hyperpigmentation [15, 16], single-organ dysfunction [17, 18], serum-sickness-like reaction [17, 18, 19], auto-immune hepatitis [10, 19, 20, 21], anti-myeloperoxidase-positive vasculitis-like syndrome [22]and drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome [17, 18, 23]. Furthermore, since a first case description in 1992 [24], minocycline has been increasingly associated with DIL [10, 11, 17, 18, 19].…”

“…Furthermore, since a first case description in 1992 [24], minocycline has been increasingly associated with DIL [10, 11, 17, 18, 19]. …”

Severe Drug Hypersensitivity Reaction in a Young Woman Treated with Doxycycline

“…Of the tetracyclines, doxycycline is more commonly associated with esophageal ulceration, while minocycline therapy has been associated with vestibular side effects, blue/black skin and mucous membrane pigmentation, and infrequently with lupus-like syndrome, eosinophilic pneumonia, pseudotumor cerebri, and DRESS [5,6,7,8]. Doxycycline has been implicated in acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis and also with Stevens-Johnson syndrome [9,10,11].…”