Comparative Proteomic Studies of Yersinia pestis Strains Isolated from Natural Foci in the Republic of Georgia

Nozadze, Maia; Zhgenti, Ekaterine; Meparishvili, Maia; Tsverava, Lia; Kiguradze, Tamar; Chanturia, Gvantsa; Babuadze, Giorgi; Kekelidze, Merab; Bakanidze, Lela; Shutkova, Tatiana; Imnadze, Paata; Francesconi, Stephen C.; Obiso, Richard J.; Solomonia, Revaz

doi:10.3389/fpubh.2015.00239

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…With regard to the temperature effect, the wide geographical heterogeneity of temperature and the opposite slope of influence observed in the QTP compared to other regions both primarily relate to the diversity of climate types in our selected research area. Studies have validated that Y. pestis exhibits prolonged growth at temperatures between 35 and 37 °C, but grows very fast at 28 °C and dies very rapidly if exposed to temperatures exceeding 40 °C or to intensive desiccation 49 – 51 . Therefore, risk of plague on the QTP will decrease with increasing temperature: the altitude of the QTP dictates a strong correlation between temperature and solar radiation, which inhibits the presence of Y. pestis .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate-driven marmot-plague dynamics in Mongolia and China

Xu¹,

Wang²,

Dalantai³

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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The incidence of plague has rebounded in the Americas, Asia, and Africa alongside rapid globalization and climate change. Previous studies have shown local climate to have significant nonlinear effects on plague dynamics among rodent communities. We analyzed an 18-year database of plague, spanning 1998 to 2015, in the foci of Mongolia and China to trace the associations between marmot plague and climate factors. Our results suggested a density-dependent effect of precipitation and a geographic location-dependent effect of temperature on marmot plague. That is, a significantly positive relationship was evident between risk of plague and precipitation only when the marmot density exceeded a certain threshold. The geographical heterogeneity of the temperature effect and the contrasting slopes of influence for the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) and other regions in the study (nQTP) were primarily related to diversity of climate and landscape types.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate-driven marmot-plague dynamics in Mongolia and China

Xu¹,

Wang²,

Dalantai³

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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“…The sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) gel electrophoresis and Western immunoblotting were carried out as described in our previous studies [8]. After transfer the nitrocellulose membranes were incubated in 3% fat-free milk, then in patient’s plasma (dilution 1:100), washed three times in PBS-Tween, incubated with peroxidase labelled monoclonal anti-human IgG (Abcam, ab99759) and exposed to X-ray films with intensifying screen.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibody profiling reveals gender differences in response to SARS-COVID-2 infection

Tsverava

Chitadze

Chanturia

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The recent emergence of the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to an ongoing global COVID-19 pandemic and public health crisis. Detailed study of human immune response to SARS-COVIS-2 infection is the important topic for a successful treatment of this disease. Our study was aimed to characterize immune response on the level of antibody profiling in convalescent plasma of patients in Georgia. Antibodies against the following SARS-COV-2 proteins were studied: nucleocapsid and various regions of Spike (S) protein: S1, S2 and Receptor binding domain (RBD). Convalescent plasma of patients 6-8 weeks after initial confirmation of SARS-COV-2 infection were tested. Nearly 80% out of 154 patients studied showed presence of antibodies against nucleocapsid protein. The antibody response to three fragments of S protein was significantly less and varied in the range of 20-30%. Significantly more females as compared to males were producing antibodies against S1 fragment, whereas the difference between genders by the antibodies against nucleocapsid protein and RBD was statistically significant only by one-tailed Fisher exact test. There were no differences between the males and females by antibodies against S2 fragment. Thus, immune response against some viral antigens are stronger in females and we suggest that it could be one of the factors of less female fatality after SARS-COVID-2 infection.

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“…When field isolates were collected from natural foci, they sometimes illustrate significant phenotypic differences that, for example, vary in F1, outer membrane, and tellurium-resistance protein expression (Nozadze et al, 2015). Yet, most publications describing isolates do not detail their source conditions, such as if the isolate was from an epizootic, or conditions in the field and subsequent handling; these features seem important to subsequent phenotype screenings.…”

Section: Alternative Hypothesis Testing Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative lifestyles: A plague persistence hypothesis

Wimsatt,

Eads,

Matchett

et al. 2023

Ecosphere

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Several explanations have been posited for how the plague bacterium (Yersinia pestis) reemerges during sylvatic cycles within the same foci over many years, and often without direct evidence of host die‐offs. One prevalent view is that transmission‐optimized Y. pestis bacteria, exhibiting epizootic/enzootic behavior, almost continually replicate and survive through repeated, linked, host‐centered propagation events. These bacteria, we will refer to as “r‐pestis” type ecotype(s), represent a limited number of phenotypic lineages exhibiting optimal transmissibility and high rates of reproduction. These attributes, it is thought, assure their durability through time. For continuous r‐pestis type expansions to be successful, adequate numbers of fleas and hosts must become infected to produce massive numbers of bacteria. In the process, host and flea numbers decline as they succumb to plague. Here we hypothesize that r‐pestis population expansions seed the environment and confront a unique, highly competitive local milieu, where natural selection favors new ecotypes that incorporate a range of emergent adaptive survival strategies. These newly adapted survivors we recognize as a range of “K‐pestis” ecotypes with greater durability and lower reproduction rates. These emergent K‐pestis forms may arise in succession or coexist for varying periods of time with r‐pestis ecotypes, and with other K‐pestis ecotypes. Among K‐pestis ecotypes, we hypothesize that through adaptive radiations, some persist within flea life stages, soil, organic waste, amoebae, plants, carcasses, hosts, or within niches yet to be characterized. In some settings, after a long quiet period, when favorable, K‐pestis bacteria may trigger a singular event where an r‐pestis transmission stream emerges precipitating another enzootic/epizootic progression. If this hypothesis withstands rigorous testing, then Y. pestis might represent an even more formidable, enduring, and adaptable foe, where unforeseen local events could trigger new epidemic and epizootic/enzootic events threatening humans and populations of other mammals, including those of conservation concern.

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Comparative Proteomic Studies of Yersinia pestis Strains Isolated from Natural Foci in the Republic of Georgia

Cited by 10 publications

References 46 publications

Climate-driven marmot-plague dynamics in Mongolia and China

Climate-driven marmot-plague dynamics in Mongolia and China

Antibody profiling reveals gender differences in response to SARS-COVID-2 infection

Alternative lifestyles: A plague persistence hypothesis

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