Comparative phylogeography of Trypanosoma cruzi TCIIc: New hosts, association with terrestrial ecotopes, and spatial clustering

Marcili, Arlei; Lima, Luciana; Valente, Vera da Costa; Valente, Sebastião Aldo da Silva; Batista, Jael Soares; Junqueira, Ângela Cristina Veríssimo; Souza, Alda Izabel de; Rosa, João Aristeu da; Campaner, Marta; Lewis, Michael D.; Llewellyn, Martin S.; Miles, Michael A.; Teixeira, Marta Maria Geraldes

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2009.07.003

Cited by 118 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…However, recent findings have detected TcI in patients with the indeterminate form of ChD in the northern region of Minas Gerais State 32 and in patients with cardiac, digestive, and indeterminate forms of ChD from Rio Grande do Norte State 69 . Interestingly, TcIII (formerly known as TcIIc) is associated with terrestrial ecotopes from different reservoirs and vectors 70,71 and is able to coexist with other DTUs in the environment, supporting an overlap between sylvatic and peridomestic transmission cycles of T. cruzi 69 . In Colombia, TcIII has been detected in patients with chronic ChD in whom mixed infection with TcI and TcII was identified 72 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Combined parasitological and molecular-based diagnostic tools improve the detection of Trypanosoma cruzi in single peripheral blood samples from patients with Chagas disease

Volpato

Sousa

D’Ávila

et al. 2017

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Introduction:In order to detect Trypanosoma cruzi and determine the genetic profiles of the parasite during the chronic phase of Chagas disease (ChD), parasitological and molecular diagnostic methods were used to assess the blood of 91 patients without specific prior treatment. Methods: Blood samples were collected from 68 patients with cardiac ChD and 23 patients with an indeterminate form of ChD, followed by evaluation using blood culture and polymerase chain reaction. T. cruzi isolates were genotyped using three different genetic markers. Results: Blood culture was positive in 54.9% of all patients, among which 60.3% had the cardiac form of ChD, and 39.1% the indeterminate form of ChD. There were no significant differences in blood culture positivity among patients with cardiac and indeterminate forms. Additionally, patient age and clinical forms did not influence blood culture results. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was positive in 98.9% of patients, although comparisons between blood culture and PCR results showed that the two techniques did not agree. Forty-two T. cruzi stocks were isolated, and TcII was detected in 95.2% of isolates. Additionally, one isolate corresponded to TcIII or TcIV, and another corresponded to TcV or TcVI. Conclusions: Blood culture and PCR were both effective for identifying T. cruzi using a single blood sample, and their association did not improve parasite detection. However, we were not able to establish an association between the clinical form of ChD and the genetic profile of the parasite.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Combined parasitological and molecular-based diagnostic tools improve the detection of Trypanosoma cruzi in single peripheral blood samples from patients with Chagas disease

Volpato

Sousa

D’Ávila

et al. 2017

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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“…7,9,24,42 This separation is not complete because other DTUs have occasionally been found in opossums and armadillos. 4,7,23,43 The most likely local vectors of TcI and TcIII, as yet not identified conclusively, are Triatoma sordida and Panstrongylus geniculatus, respectively. Triatoma sordida is locally abundant and was the only bug species found infected with TcI 31 whereas P. geniculatus was found in local armadillo burrows.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7,20,24 Two of 44 T. cruzi-infected domestic dogs from our study area had TcIII, 46 and evidence of TcIII in domestic Triatoma infestans and dogs was obtained elsewhere in the Chaco 24,47 and in the Amazon. 9,43 Local wild mammals had no evidence of the parasite DTUs (TcV and TcVI) that infected local domestic dogs, cats, or Triatoma infestans. 24,46 Therefore, the local occurrence of a spillover of domestic or peridomestic triatomine bugs carrying domestic DTUs to the sylvatic environment and subsequent creation of sylvatic foci of transmission was not recorded by our study to date.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Sylvatic Hosts of Trypanosoma cruzi and Their Reservoir Competence in the Humid Chaco of Argentina: A Longitudinal Study

Orozco¹,

Enriquez²,

Alvarado-Otegui³

et al. 2013

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract.A four-year longitudinal study of the structure of sylvatic transmission cycles of Trypanosoma cruzi, reservoir host competence and parasite discrete typing units was conducted in a disturbed rural area of the humid Chaco in Argentina. Among 190 mammals examined by xenodiagnosis and polymerase chain reaction amplification, the composite prevalence of infection was substantially higher in Dasypus novemcinctus armadillos (57.7%) and Didelphis albiventris opossums (38.1%) than in Euphractus sexcinctus (20.0%), Tolypeutes matacus (12.5%), and Chaetophractus vellerosus (6.3%) armadillos. Trypanosoma cruzi was detected for the first time in Thylamys pusilla small opossums and in two unidentified small rodents. Infection was spatially aggregated only in armadillos. All Didelphis were infected with T. cruzi I and all armadillo species were infected with T. cruzi III, implying two distinct sylvatic cycles with no inputs from the domestic cycle. Dasypus armadillos and Didelphis opossums were much more infectious to vectors than other armadillos, small opossums, or rodents.

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“…TcV is the lineage reported most frequently in infants with congenital infection, although this may simply reflect its predominance in Bolivia and Argentina, where these studies have been conducted (72,303). The two hybrid lineages, TcV and TcVI, are hypothesized to have evolved in armadillos (181,349). A single isolation of TcII (historic TcIIb) was reported from Euphractus sexcinctus (six-banded armadillo) in Paraguay, but its original mammalian host has not been established (193,349).…”

Section: Fig 4 Reports Of Natural Trypanosoma Cruzi Infection In Umentioning

confidence: 99%

Trypanosoma cruzi and Chagas' Disease in the United States

et al. 2011

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SUMMARY Chagas' disease is caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi and causes potentially life-threatening disease of the heart and gastrointestinal tract. The southern half of the United States contains enzootic cycles of T. cruzi , involving 11 recognized triatomine vector species. The greatest vector diversity and density occur in the western United States, where woodrats are the most common reservoir; other rodents, raccoons, skunks, and coyotes are also infected with T. cruzi. In the eastern United States, the prevalence of T. cruzi is highest in raccoons, opossums, armadillos, and skunks. A total of 7 autochthonous vector-borne human infections have been reported in Texas, California, Tennessee, and Louisiana; many others are thought to go unrecognized. Nevertheless, most T. cruzi -infected individuals in the United States are immigrants from areas of endemicity in Latin America. Seven transfusion-associated and 6 organ donor-derived T. cruzi infections have been documented in the United States and Canada. As improved control of vector- and blood-borne T. cruzi transmission decreases the burden in countries where the disease is historically endemic and imported Chagas' disease is increasingly recognized outside Latin America, the United States can play an important role in addressing the altered epidemiology of Chagas' disease in the 21st century.

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Comparative phylogeography of Trypanosoma cruzi TCIIc: New hosts, association with terrestrial ecotopes, and spatial clustering

Cited by 118 publications

References 51 publications

Combined parasitological and molecular-based diagnostic tools improve the detection of Trypanosoma cruzi in single peripheral blood samples from patients with Chagas disease

Combined parasitological and molecular-based diagnostic tools improve the detection of Trypanosoma cruzi in single peripheral blood samples from patients with Chagas disease

New Sylvatic Hosts of Trypanosoma cruzi and Their Reservoir Competence in the Humid Chaco of Argentina: A Longitudinal Study

Trypanosoma cruzi and Chagas' Disease in the United States

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