Comparative hepatocarcinogenicity of aflatoxins B1 and M1 in the rat

Expression of Human Microsomal Epoxide Hydrolase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Reveals a Functional Role in Aflatoxin B1 Detoxification

“…CYP1A1 metabolizes AFB almost exclusively to AFM with only minimal AFBO generation, whereas CYP1A2 forms an approximate 1:1 ratio of AFM and AFBO (Table 1). The carcinogenicity of AFM in rats is approximately 10% of AFB (Hsieh et al, 1984) and is generally considered to be a route of detoxification. The finding that CYP1A1-expressing yeast are able to convert AFB to a genotoxic metabolite in both the Ames and trp5 gene conversion assays suggests that AFM is a potent mutagen.…”

Expression of Human Microsomal Epoxide Hydrolase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Reveals a Functional Role in Aflatoxin B1 Detoxification

“…CYP1A1 metabolizes AFB almost exclusively to AFM with only minimal AFBO generation, whereas CYP1A2 forms an approximate 1:1 ratio of AFM and AFBO (Table 1). The carcinogenicity of AFM in rats is approximately 10% of AFB (Hsieh et al, 1984) and is generally considered to be a route of detoxification. The finding that CYP1A1-expressing yeast are able to convert AFB to a genotoxic metabolite in both the Ames and trp5 gene conversion assays suggests that AFM is a potent mutagen.…”

Aspergillus-Derived Mycotoxins In The Feed And Food Chain

“…erefore, no tolerable daily intake (TDI ng AFB 1 kg −1 bw day −1 ) could be set for this substance, and the exposure levels should be kept as low as reasonably achievable. AFM 1 has 2-10% of the carcinogenic potency of AFB 1 but has the same liver toxicity (Hsieh et al, 1984;Cullen et al, 1987).…”

Exposure Assessment and Risk Characterization of Aflatoxin M1 Intake through Consumption of Milk and Yoghurt by Student Population in Serbia and Greece

“…For the purpose of this paper we used results of the 2-year study in male Fischer rats [45], with the main findings that, in rats fed with a diet containing AFM1 at 50 μg kg −1 , HCC was detected in 2/18 rats when killed at 21 months. From these results, it was estimated that the potency of AFM1 is 2–10% that of AFB1 [4]. The potency of AFM1 in Fischer rats was calculated as follows: 2/18 risk/(1 mg/lifetime × 21 months/lifetime × 31 days/month)/0.3 kg bw = 0.00057 mg kg −1 bw day −1 [24].…”

Expression of Human Microsomal Epoxide Hydrolase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Reveals a Functional Role in Aflatoxin B1 Detoxification

“…CYP1A1 metabolizes AFB almost exclusively to AFM with only minimal AFBO generation, whereas CYP1A2 forms an approximate 1:1 ratio of AFM and AFBO (Table 1). The carcinogenicity of AFM in rats is approximately 10% of AFB (Hsieh et al, 1984) and is generally considered to be a route of detoxification. The finding that CYP1A1-expressing yeast are able to convert AFB to a genotoxic metabolite in both the Ames and trp5 gene conversion assays suggests that AFM is a potent mutagen.…”

Aspergillus-Derived Mycotoxins In The Feed And Food Chain

“…erefore, no tolerable daily intake (TDI ng AFB 1 kg −1 bw day −1 ) could be set for this substance, and the exposure levels should be kept as low as reasonably achievable. AFM 1 has 2-10% of the carcinogenic potency of AFB 1 but has the same liver toxicity (Hsieh et al, 1984;Cullen et al, 1987).…”

Exposure Assessment and Risk Characterization of Aflatoxin M1 Intake through Consumption of Milk and Yoghurt by Student Population in Serbia and Greece

“…For the purpose of this paper we used results of the 2-year study in male Fischer rats [45], with the main findings that, in rats fed with a diet containing AFM1 at 50 μg kg −1 , HCC was detected in 2/18 rats when killed at 21 months. From these results, it was estimated that the potency of AFM1 is 2–10% that of AFB1 [4]. The potency of AFM1 in Fischer rats was calculated as follows: 2/18 risk/(1 mg/lifetime × 21 months/lifetime × 31 days/month)/0.3 kg bw = 0.00057 mg kg −1 bw day −1 [24].…”

Expression of Human Microsomal Epoxide Hydrolase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Reveals a Functional Role in Aflatoxin B1 Detoxification

“…CYP1A1 metabolizes AFB almost exclusively to AFM with only minimal AFBO generation, whereas CYP1A2 forms an approximate 1:1 ratio of AFM and AFBO (Table 1). The carcinogenicity of AFM in rats is approximately 10% of AFB (Hsieh et al, 1984) and is generally considered to be a route of detoxification. The finding that CYP1A1-expressing yeast are able to convert AFB to a genotoxic metabolite in both the Ames and trp5 gene conversion assays suggests that AFM is a potent mutagen.…”

Aspergillus-Derived Mycotoxins In The Feed And Food Chain

“…erefore, no tolerable daily intake (TDI ng AFB 1 kg −1 bw day −1 ) could be set for this substance, and the exposure levels should be kept as low as reasonably achievable. AFM 1 has 2-10% of the carcinogenic potency of AFB 1 but has the same liver toxicity (Hsieh et al, 1984;Cullen et al, 1987).…”

Exposure Assessment and Risk Characterization of Aflatoxin M1 Intake through Consumption of Milk and Yoghurt by Student Population in Serbia and Greece

“…For the purpose of this paper we used results of the 2-year study in male Fischer rats [45], with the main findings that, in rats fed with a diet containing AFM1 at 50 μg kg −1 , HCC was detected in 2/18 rats when killed at 21 months. From these results, it was estimated that the potency of AFM1 is 2–10% that of AFB1 [4]. The potency of AFM1 in Fischer rats was calculated as follows: 2/18 risk/(1 mg/lifetime × 21 months/lifetime × 31 days/month)/0.3 kg bw = 0.00057 mg kg −1 bw day −1 [24].…”