2011
DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8339.2011.01162.x
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Abstract: Within the rosid order Malpighiales, Rhizophoraceae and Erythroxylaceae (1) are strongly supported as sisters in molecular phylogenetic studies and possibly form a clade with either Ctenolophonaceae (2) or with Linaceae, Irvingiaceae and Caryocaraceae (less well supported) (3). In order to assess the validity of these relationships from a floral structural point of view, these families are comparatively studied for the first time in terms of their floral morphology, anatomy and histology. Overall floral struct… Show more

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Cited by 32 publications
(66 citation statements)
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References 147 publications
(353 reference statements)
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“…Similar hairs occur on the outer surface of sepals and petals in Rhizophoraceae, and in the closely related Ctenolophonaceae [36], as well as on the outer surface of the sepals in some Cunoniaceae and Tremandraceae [30,59]. In flower buds of Rhizophoraceae and Ctenolophonaceae, the perianth parts are congenitally connected by the hairs in the overlapping regions [36], which also appears to be the case for Caliciflora . Congenital connection of sepals by hairs is also reported for Cunoniaceae [30].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 91%
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“…Similar hairs occur on the outer surface of sepals and petals in Rhizophoraceae, and in the closely related Ctenolophonaceae [36], as well as on the outer surface of the sepals in some Cunoniaceae and Tremandraceae [30,59]. In flower buds of Rhizophoraceae and Ctenolophonaceae, the perianth parts are congenitally connected by the hairs in the overlapping regions [36], which also appears to be the case for Caliciflora . Congenital connection of sepals by hairs is also reported for Cunoniaceae [30].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 91%
“…Actinomorphic flowers with free perianth parts are also characteristic of many rosids, and typically such flowers are pentamerous with a well-differentiated calyx and corolla as in Caliciflora . The revolute-valvate sepal aestivation of Caliciflora is also a feature of certain rosids and occurs scattered in the Cucurbitales (Anisophylleaceae, [31]), Malpighiales (Rhizophoraceae and Erythroxylaceae, [36]) and also in Oxalidales (Cunoniaceae and Tremandraceae, [30]).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Flowers generally range from small (≤ 5 mm) to medium sized (up to c . 15 mm) (see also Matthews & Endress, ).…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 95%
“… Micropyle present. Nectary lobes (when present) alternating with the (outer) sepals. Pedicel articulation weak or lacking (in contrast with many other Malpighiales; Stevens, onwards; Matthews & Endress, , ; Matthews et al ., ). Fruit indehiscent. Mucilage cells and special mucilage cells (as defined by Matthews & Endress, ) absent in floral organs.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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