Comparative expression analysis of heavy metal ATPase subfamily genes between Cd-tolerant and Cd-sensitive turnip landraces

Abstract

The heavy metal ATPase (HMA) subfamily is mainly involved in heavy metal (HM) tolerance and transport in plants, but an understanding of the definite roles and mechanisms of most HMA members are still limited. In the present study, we identified 14 candidate HMA genes named BrrHMA1–BrrHMA8 from the turnip genome and analyzed the phylogeny, gene structure, chromosome distribution, and conserved domains and motifs of HMAs in turnip (Brassica rapa var. rapa). According to our phylogenetic tree, the BrrHMAs are divided into a Zn/Cd/Co/Pb subclass and Cu/Ag subclass. The BrrHMA members show similar structural characteristics within subclasses. To explore the roles of BrrHMAs in turnip, we compared the gene sequences and expression patterns of the BrrHMA genes between a Cd-tolerant landrace and a Cd-sensitive landrace. Most BrrHMA genes showed similar spatial expression patterns in both Cd-tolerant and Cd-sensitive turnip landraces; some BrrHMA genes, however, were differentially expressed in specific tissue in Cd-tolerant and Cd-sensitive turnip. Specifically, BrrHMA genes in the Zn/Cd/Co/Pb subclass shared the same coding sequence but were differentially expressed in Cd-tolerant and Cd-sensitive turnip landraces under Cd stress. Our findings suggest that the stable expression and up-regulated expression of BrrHMA Zn/Cd/Co/Pb subclass genes under Cd stress may contribute to the higher Cd tolerance of turnip landraces.

Cadmium isotope fractionation reveals genetic variation in Cd uptake and translocation by Theobroma cacao and role of natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 5 and heavy metal ATPase-family transporters

“…Many efforts are underway to restrict exposure of humans to this metal by limiting the amount present in drinking water 2 and in the diet 3 . Crops that represent significant dietary sources of Cd include rice 2 , leafy [4][5][6] and other vegetables 7 , and also cacao (Theobroma cacao), the beans of which are the source of chocolate. The Cd contents of cacao beans show large regional variations, with the highest levels reported for material from South and Central America [8][9][10][11][12][13] .…”

Genome-wide Identification and Function Analysis of HMAD Gene Family in Cotton (Gossypium Spp.)

“…Chaperone is an important way in delivering Cu to heavy metal P1B-ATPases [41]. In general, HMA contain approximately 6-8 transmembrane helices, a soluble nucleotide binding domain, phosphorylation domain, and a soluble actuator domain, of which HMA1-4 belonging to Zn 2+ /Co 2+ /Cd 2+ /Pb 2+ transporting, although HMA1 conserved amino acids is different from the HMA2, HMA3 and HMA4 [33], whereas HMA5-8 belong to the Cu + /Ag + subclass [51].…”

“…CtpB, as a plasma membrane copper (I) transporting P-type ATPase of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is different from copper detoxi cation [77]. In [51].…”

“…And cotton is an important ber crop which provides the natural ber for the textile industry [48]. Previously, much progress has been made in the identi cation of HMAD (heavy-metal-associated domain) genes in different plants [49][50][51][52]. However, there are no detail study has been reported in the identi cation, functional characterization, conserved domain analysis and expression pro les of the HMAD genes under salt-stress condition in cotton until now.…”

Genome-wide identification and function analysis of HMAD gene family in cotton (Gossypium spp.)

“…And cotton is an important fiber crop which provides the natural fiber for the textile industry [ 117 ]. Previously, much progress has been made in the identification of HMAD (heavy-metal-associated domain) genes in different plants [ 118 – 120 ]. However, there are no detail study has been reported in the identification, functional characterization, conserved domain analysis and expression profiles of the HMAD genes under salt-stress condition in cotton.…”