Comparative Approach of the de novo Fatty Acid Synthesis (Lipogenesis) between Ruminant and Non Ruminant Mammalian Species: From Biochemical Level to the Main Regulatory Lipogenic Genes

Laliotis, George P.; Bizelis, Iosif; Rogdakis, E.

doi:10.2174/138920210791110960

Cited by 114 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 124 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Major sites where lipogenesis generally occurs are the intestinal mucosal cells, the hepatocytes (liver cells) and the adipose tissue [81]. In ruminants, the predominant sites are adipose tissue and the mammary gland of lactating dairy cows [81].…”

Section: Lipogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissues, Metabolic Pathways and Genes of Key Importance in Lactating Dairy Cattle

Nayeri

Stothard

2016

Springer Science Reviews

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Milk and dairy products are valuable sources of food for humans. Increased milk yield and changes in milk composition in dairy cows have been achieved through a variety of means including better nutrition, management and genetic selection. This selection can be performed without consideration of the specific genes and genetic variation involved. However, association analysis using dense SNP genotyping panels provides an approach for identifying genomic regions affecting milk production. Coupling physiological and metabolic information with association analysis results can provide greater insight into the specific genetic variants and molecular mechanisms affecting production traits as well as the potential effects of these variants on fertility in dairy cattle. To this end, this review highlights key tissues, metabolic pathways and genes of importance in lactating dairy cattle, particularly early in lactation. Physiological and metabolic adaptations in three key tissues (adipose, mammary gland and liver) are discussed, followed by the important endocrine adaptations during negative energy balance. Key genes mediating metabolic and endocrine adaptations are also highlighted. Finally, genes that account for variation in production traits are presented in relation to the tissues and processes described. Knowledge of the genes and pathways involved will be important for ongoing efforts aimed at finding other genes and variants that contribute to milk production and fertility traits. Also, a better understanding of the molecular basis of these traits may lead to more accurate genomic predictions.

show abstract

Section: Lipogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissues, Metabolic Pathways and Genes of Key Importance in Lactating Dairy Cattle

Nayeri

Stothard

2016

Springer Science Reviews

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Because most data concerning nutrient partitioning in the peri-parturient dairy cow has come from studies of liver and adipose tissue, there is a scarcity of genomic data concerning changes in the rumen during this time period. In dairy cattle, the rumen is the principle site of SCFA generation and although de novo fatty acid synthesis takes place primarily in adipose tissue in these animals, it is the rumen which is the primary control point for the entry of nutrients into the body (Laliotis et al, 2010). Indeed, our group has previously reported genomic changes related to cholesterol homeostasis in the rumen of dairy cattle (Steele et al, 2011b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic Changes in Ruminal Tissue Induced by the Periparturient Transition in Dairy Cows

Dionissopoulos

AlZahal

Steele

et al. 2014

American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To understand how the capacity for fat metabolism (uptake, synthesis, modification) changes in rumen epithelia immediately before and after onset of lactation in dairy cows, rumen fluid Short Chain Fatty Acid (SCFA) concentrations and mRNA expression profiles of rumen epithelia was determined in twelve Holstein dairy cows at three weeks prior to calving (wk -3, n = 12), one week post calving (week +1, n = 12) and six weeks (week +6, n = 12) after calving. The diet was modified from a dry cow formulation to a lactating cow formulation immediately following parturition and raised the non-fiber carbohydrate level from 34 to 43%. All data was analyzed using the mixed procedure of SAS, with cows blocked by anticipated calving date and week of sampling as the repeated measure. Propionate, butyrate, isovalerate and valerate levels rose significantly following the diet change (p≤0.001), although acetate and isobutyrate levels were unchanged (p>0.05). Mean rumen pH also changed during the transition period (6.38 Vs 5.81 and 5.85±0.08; -3 Vs +1 and +6; p<0.001) as did mean BW (716.00 Vs 635.82 kg and 615.45 kg ±16.20; -3 Vs +1 and +6; p≤0.002). Microarray analysis of total RNA from rumen epithelial biopsies revealed 1476 differentially expressed genes at a false discovery rate of 10%. These results were filtered for genes that were directly related to both the immune system and fat metabolism/homeostasis. Consequently, the expression of the resulting 28 genes was analyzed by quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) to compare their expression at period -3 versus +6 periods. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that 13 genes were upregulated (p≤0.01), 2 were downregulated (p≤0.01) and 13 were unchanged during the transition period. Pathway and context analysis yielded a unique interactome pathway map which revealed a set of genomic interactions that indicate a link between selected genes from the immune system and those involved in the preparation for lactation.

show abstract

“…Those also affect the composition and saturation degree of meat fatty acid that contributed to consumer health. The saturation degree of meat fatty acid decreased along with the high PUFA content (Laliotis et al, 2010). In addition to metabolic function that had been described above, PUFA (in this case omega 6 fatty acids) especially linoleic acid and arachidonic acid had a role in maintenance of epidermal water barrier in related to skin health (Murray et al, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Inclusion of Kapok Seed Oil in the Diet for Growing of Thin-Tailed Sheep to Reduce Cholesterol and to Improve Omega-Six Fatty Acid Contents of Lamb

Widiyanto

Soejono

Hartadi

et al. 2012

J. Indonesian Trop. Anim. Agric.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji pengaruh suplementasi minyak biji kapok (MBK) terproteksi dalam kombinasinya dengan konsentrat, dalam hal ini bekatul terhadap status lipida daging domba ekor tipis (DET) yang mendapat rumput lapangan (RL) sebagai pakan basal. Sebanyak 24 ekor domba DET jantan digunakan sebagai bahan percobaan yang dibagi dalam 8 kelompok perlakuan. Terdapat 2 faktor perlakuan, yakni suplementasi MBK (faktor I) dan suplementasi konsentrat yakni bekatul (faktor II). Faktor I terdiri atas 2 aras, yakni 0% (S0) dan 10% (S1), sedangkan faktor II terdiri atas 4 aras, yakni 0% (K0); 15% (K1); 30% (K2) dan 45% (K3), berdasarkan konsumsi BK. Variabel yang diukur meliputi kandungan lemak intramuskuler (LIM), bilangan iodin (BI) asam lemak daging, kandungan kolesterol dan asam lemak omega 6 daging (dalam hal ini asam linoleat). Data yang terkumpul diolah secara statistik dengan analisis ragam, pola perlakuan faktorial 2 x 4 dalam rancangan acak lengkap (RAL). Kandungan LIM domba-domba yang mendapat suplemen MBK pada aras 0 dan dedak halus 15% tidak berbeda nyata dengan kandungan LIM domba-domba tanpa suplementasi MBK dengan aras pemberian bekatul yang sama (3,45 dan 3,99 vs 3,01 dan 3,75% ABSTRACTThis research was conducted to study the influence of protected kapok seed oil (PKSO) supplementation in its combination with concentrate, in this case was rice bran (RB) on lipid content of thin tailed sheep received field grass as basal feed. A number of 24 heads of male thin-tailed sheep were used as experimental material. These sheep were divided into 8 treatment groups. There were two treatment factors, i.e. : PKSO supplementation (S) as factor I and RB supplementation (K) as factor II. Factor I consisted of 2 levels, i.e. 0% (S0) and 10% (S1), whereas factor II consist of 4 levels, i.e. 0% (K0), 15% (K1), 30% (K2) and 45% (K3), respectively, based on dry matter (DM) intake. Several variables were measured, namely content of intra muscular fat (IMF), iodine number of muscular fatty acid, content of meat cholesterol and omega 6 fatty acid (in this case linoleic acid). The collected data were statistically analyzed by analysis of variance with factorial treatment pattern (2 x 4) in completely randomized design (CRD). Content of IMF in sheep supplemented with 0 and 15% KSO levels was not significantly different from those without kapok seed oil (KSO) supplementation at the same level of RB feeding (3.45 and 3.99% vs 3.01 and 3.75%). Supplementation of protected KSO in combination with 30 and 45% RP resulted in significantly increased (P < 0. vs 89.21 and 72.63 mg/100 g ) also significantly increased (P < 0.05) linoleic acid proportion (15.52 and 18.25% vs 3.68 and 4.04%) and iodine number (12.52 and 10.25 vs 4.09 and 4.98).

show abstract

Comparative Approach of the de novo Fatty Acid Synthesis (Lipogenesis) between Ruminant and Non Ruminant Mammalian Species: From Biochemical Level to the Main Regulatory Lipogenic Genes

Cited by 114 publications

References 124 publications

Tissues, Metabolic Pathways and Genes of Key Importance in Lactating Dairy Cattle

Tissues, Metabolic Pathways and Genes of Key Importance in Lactating Dairy Cattle

Transcriptomic Changes in Ruminal Tissue Induced by the Periparturient Transition in Dairy Cows

Inclusion of Kapok Seed Oil in the Diet for Growing of Thin-Tailed Sheep to Reduce Cholesterol and to Improve Omega-Six Fatty Acid Contents of Lamb

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About