Comorbidities and medical course in a young patient diagnosed with severe obstructive sleep apnea

Abstract

Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are common in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and their presence is associated with an increased risk for hospitalization, longer length of stay and all-cause and CVD-related mortality. We assessed the role of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphism in the occurrence of arterial hypertension (AH) in patients with COPD. Methods The study group consisted of 96 patients. Group 1 had 25 individuals with COPD, Group 2 had 23 individuals with AH and Group 3 had 28 individuals with COPD and AH. The control group consisted of 20 healthy subjects. I/D genotypes of ACE were determined by polymerase chain reaction amplification. Results The frequency distribution of polymorphic genotypes of the gene encoding ACE and assessment of compliance with the Hardy-Weinberg population equilibrium were carried out in groups of patients with COPD, AH and COPD + AH combination. The frequencies of the genotype responsible for I/D polymorphism of the ACE gene in the control and experimental groups were not found to deviate significantly from the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. The results of the study have not demonstrated any significant impact of alleles of ACE genes or ACE genes on occurrence of diseases such as COPD, AH and combinations thereof. However, analysis of odds ratio has demonstrated that the presence of the D allele of the ACE gene may increase the risk for occurrence of the COPD + AH (OR = 1.26). Conclusion The data obtained in the study allow suggesting that the presence of D allele of the ACE gene may increase the risk for AH in patients with COPD.

Arterial Hypertension as a Risk Comorbidity Associated with COVID-19 Pathology

“…AH could either play a direct role as a salient clinical predictor of disease severity or be a contributing factor to the deterioration late in the disease course, which is characterized by ARDS and systemic inflammatory response syndrome and/or multiple organ failure [ 36 ]. ACE2 is a key element of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), a critical pathway involved AH pathophysiology [ 37 , 38 ].…”

The role of insertion-deletion polymorphism of the ACE gene in development of arterial hypertension in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

“…There are several established risk factors of COPD, of which tobacco smoking is the strongest one. Indoor air pollution, occupational exposures to coal dust, silica and asbestos, low birth weight, and recurrent infections are also considered as risk factors of COPD [4][5][6][7][8] . There is a great disparity of COPD prevalence rates across countries worldwide.…”

Characteristics of cerebral hemodynamics in patients with chronic brain ischemia

“…On the one hand, such combination is possible with a combination of CBI and normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPHC), on the other -this is due to the morphological stages of CBI progression [6]. In practice, arterial hypertension and atherosclerosis have the greatest etiological significance in the development of CBI [7,8,9,10,11]. Patients with carotid artery disease can have cognitive impairments for a variety of reasons.…”